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Welding Processes and Equipment Flashcards

7 cards from real Certified Welder practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which type of tungsten electrode is most commonly recommended for GTAW of carbon and stainless steel using DCEN?

    Answer: 2% Thoriated tungsten (red band)

    2% Thoriated tungsten (red band) maintains a sharp point well on DCEN, providing excellent arc starts and stability for steel welding.

  2. What does 'electrode extension' (stick-out) refer to in GMAW?

    Answer: The distance from the contact tip to the arc (wire beyond the tip)

    Electrode extension is the length of wire between the contact tip and the arc; increasing it raises resistance heating and can reduce penetration.

  3. In oxyfuel cutting, what actually cuts the steel?

    Answer: A high-pressure stream of pure oxygen oxidizing (burning) the iron

    Oxyfuel cutting works by preheating steel to kindling temperature then directing a pure oxygen jet that rapidly oxidizes (burns) the iron, severing the material.

  4. Which FCAW electrode designation indicates a gas-shielded wire designed for flat and horizontal welding positions?

    Answer: E70T-1C

    The '0' in E70T-1C indicates flat and horizontal positions only, while '1' would indicate all-position capability.

  5. When welding austenitic stainless steel with GTAW, which back-purge gas is typically used to protect the root side of the weld?

    Answer: Argon

    Argon is used for back purging stainless steel to prevent oxidation (sugaring) on the underside of the weld root.

  6. What is the primary purpose of post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) such as stress relief?

    Answer: To reduce residual stresses left in the weld and base metal from the welding process

    PWHT (stress relief) involves heating the weldment to a specific temperature to reduce residual stresses that can cause distortion or cracking in service.

  7. Which condition describes 'porosity' as a weld discontinuity?

    Answer: Spherical or elongated voids in the weld metal caused by trapped gas during solidification

    Porosity consists of gas pockets (spherical or elongated) trapped in the solidifying weld metal, typically caused by contamination or inadequate shielding.