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Welding Processes and Equipment Flashcards

7 cards from real Certified Welder practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the purpose of preheating base metal before welding?

    Answer: To slow the cooling rate and reduce the risk of hydrogen cracking and distortion

    Preheating slows the cooling rate of the weld and heat-affected zone, reducing the risk of hydrogen cracking and hard, brittle microstructures.

  2. In oxyfuel welding, which flame type is used for welding most ferrous metals?

    Answer: Neutral flame

    A neutral flame, with balanced oxygen and acetylene, is used for most ferrous metal welding as it neither adds carbon nor oxidizes the weld.

  3. What is the electrode designation for an E7018 SMAW electrode?

    Answer: Minimum tensile strength 70,000 psi, all-position, low-hydrogen iron powder coating

    E7018: E=electrode, 70=70 ksi min tensile strength, 1=all-position, 8=low-hydrogen potassium/iron powder coating.

  4. Which welding process is best suited for joining very thin sheet metal (under 1/16 inch) with minimal distortion?

    Answer: GTAW (TIG welding)

    GTAW provides precise heat control and can be performed at low amperages, making it ideal for thin sheet metal without burn-through.

  5. What is the main purpose of a gas lens in a GTAW torch?

    Answer: To provide a more uniform, laminar shielding gas flow around the tungsten

    A gas lens contains a porous mesh that produces laminar (non-turbulent) gas flow, improving shielding coverage and allowing the tungsten to be extended further.

  6. In GMAW, increasing the wire feed speed (WFS) primarily affects which welding parameter?

    Answer: Welding amperage (current)

    In constant-voltage GMAW, increasing wire feed speed increases the amperage because more wire must be melted per unit time.

  7. What is the key difference between a constant-current (CC) and a constant-voltage (CV) power source?

    Answer: CC maintains relatively steady amperage despite arc length changes; CV maintains relatively steady voltage

    A CC source keeps amperage relatively stable as arc length varies (used for SMAW/GTAW), while a CV source maintains relatively constant voltage (used for GMAW/FCAW).