Weld Inspection and Testing Flashcards

What is the minimum dwell time typically required when applying liquid penetrant to a steel weldment in ambient temperature conditions?

Answer: 5–10 minutes

Most penetrant testing specifications require a minimum dwell time of 5 to 10 minutes to allow adequate penetrant entry into discontinuities.

Which type of radiographic film density is generally considered acceptable for weld examination per AWS D1.1?

Answer: 1.8 to 4.0

AWS D1.1 requires a film density in the range of 1.8 to 4.0 for adequate image quality in weld radiographs.

A weld that fails a face bend test by cracking on the surface most likely has which type of discontinuity?

Answer: Surface or near-surface lack of fusion

Cracking during a face bend test indicates surface or near-surface lack of fusion or other defects on the weld face side.

In ultrasonic testing, what does the term 'dead zone' refer to?

Answer: The region near the transducer face where flaws cannot be detected

The dead zone is the area immediately below the transducer surface where the initial pulse interferes with flaw detection.

What is the purpose of the image quality indicator (IQI) or penetrameter used in radiographic testing?

Answer: To verify the sensitivity and quality of the radiograph

The IQI (penetrameter) is placed on the specimen to verify that the radiograph has sufficient sensitivity to detect the required minimum flaw size.

Hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) in welds is most likely to occur:

Answer: After the weld cools below approximately 300°F (149°C)

Hydrogen-induced cracking typically occurs after the weld cools below about 300°F as hydrogen diffuses to stress concentration points.

Which of the following is NOT a valid reason to reject a weld during visual inspection per AWS D1.1?

Answer: Weld reinforcement within specified limits

Weld reinforcement within code-specified limits is acceptable and is not a reason for rejection.