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Welding Codes and Standards Flashcards

6 cards from real Certified Welder practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the fundamental difference between a Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) and a Procedure Qualification Record (PQR)?

    Answer: A PQR documents the actual results of a test weld, which then provides the basis for writing the instructional WPS.

    A PQR is the official record documenting the welding variables used to produce an acceptable test weld coupon and the results of the tests conducted. This proven data from the PQR is then used to write the WPS, which is the set of instructions provided to the welder for making production welds within a qualified range of variables.

  2. A welder is fabricating a large structural steel column for a new high-rise building in the United States. Which code is most likely to govern the welding requirements for this application?

    Answer: AWS D1.1

    AWS D1.1, the Structural Welding Code—Steel, is the primary standard used in the United States for the design, fabrication, and erection of welded steel structures such as buildings and bridges. API 1104 is for pipelines, and ASME Section IX is primarily for boilers and pressure vessels.

  3. According to most major welding codes, which of the following is considered an essential variable for a welder's performance qualification, meaning a change would require the welder to requalify?

    Answer: A change in welding progression from vertical-up to vertical-down.

    A change in welding progression (e.g., from uphill to downhill) is a significant alteration of a welder's technique and is considered an essential variable under codes like AWS D1.1 and ASME Section IX. Such a change requires the welder to perform a new qualification test. The other options are typically considered non-essential variables for welder performance qualification.

  4. An inspector is overseeing the joining of two sections of a cross-country natural gas transmission pipeline. Which welding code is specifically developed for this type of application?

    Answer: API 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities

    API 1104, published by the American Petroleum Institute, is the primary standard governing the welding of pipelines and related facilities used for the compression, pumping, and transmission of crude petroleum, petroleum products, and fuel gases.

  5. What is the primary purpose of a Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) test?

    Answer: To verify a welder's ability to produce a sound weld by following a qualified WPS.

    The WPQ test is designed to determine the skill of a welder. It confirms that the welder has the ability to follow the instructions on a Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) and deposit a weld that meets the required quality standards. It qualifies the person, not the procedure itself.

  6. Under the rules of ASME Section IX, a welder who qualifies to perform a groove weld on a plate in the 3G (vertical up) position is also qualified for which other groove weld positions on plate?

    Answer: The 1G (flat), 2G (horizontal), and 3G (vertical) positions.

    ASME Section IX follows a system where qualifying in a more difficult position also qualifies the welder for easier positions. A successful qualification on a plate groove weld in the 3G (vertical) position also qualifies the welder for the less difficult 1G (flat) and 2G (horizontal) positions on plate. It does not, however, automatically qualify for the 4G (overhead) position.