CSCS: Structure & Function of Body System Flashcards
7 cards from real CSCS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 CSCS: Structure & Function of Body System flashcards as text
Which vertebral region has the greatest normal lordotic curve?
Answer: Cervical and lumbar
Both the cervical and lumbar regions exhibit a lordotic (anteriorly concave) curve, while the thoracic and sacral regions display kyphotic curves.
An increase in stroke volume with no change in heart rate will result in:
Answer: Increased cardiac output
Cardiac output equals heart rate multiplied by stroke volume; if stroke volume increases while heart rate remains constant, cardiac output increases proportionally.
Type IIa muscle fibers are often described as 'intermediate' because they:
Answer: Have moderate oxidative and glycolytic capacity
Type IIa fibers possess both aerobic (oxidative) and anaerobic (glycolytic) metabolic capacity, making them more fatigue-resistant than Type IIx but faster than Type I fibers.
Which hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary increases water reabsorption in the kidney collecting duct?
Answer: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
ADH (vasopressin), released from the posterior pituitary, acts on aquaporin channels in the collecting duct to increase water reabsorption and concentrate urine.
The VO2max of an athlete is 60 mL/kg/min. This value represents:
Answer: Maximal oxygen uptake relative to body mass
VO2max expressed in mL/kg/min represents the maximum volume of oxygen consumed per minute relative to body mass, and is the gold standard measure of cardiorespiratory fitness.
Which of the following accurately describes the 'all-or-none' principle of muscle contraction?
Answer: An individual motor unit either fires completely or not at all
The all-or-none principle applies to individual motor units: when the threshold is reached, all fibers within that motor unit contract maximally; graded force is achieved by recruiting more motor units.
During aerobic exercise at moderate intensity, which energy substrate provides the majority of ATP after the first 20–30 minutes?
Answer: A mix of carbohydrate and fat (triglycerides)
At moderate aerobic intensities beyond ~20–30 minutes, both carbohydrate (glycogen and blood glucose) and fat (intramuscular triglycerides and FFA) contribute substantially to oxidative ATP production.