Certified Six Sigma Black Belt Exam DMAIC Methodology 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The 'D' in DMAIC stands for:
- Design
- Define (Correct answer)
- Develop
- Deliver
Correct answer: Define
DMAIC = Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control.
The Define phase establishes the project scope, identifies the customer, defines the problem statement, and sets measurable goals. Key tools: Project Charter, SIPOC diagram, Voice of the Customer (VOC).
Question 2: In the Measure phase of DMAIC, the primary goal is to:
- Implement solutions
- Collect baseline data on the current process (Correct answer)
- Define the problem
- Sustain improvements
Correct answer: Collect baseline data on the current process
The Measure phase quantifies the current state of the process.
The Measure phase collects data to establish process baselines, validates the measurement system (Gage R&R), maps the current process in detail, and calculates process capability (Cp, Cpk). You can't improve what you can't measure.
Question 3: Root cause analysis is primarily performed during which DMAIC phase?
- Define
- Measure
- Analyze (Correct answer)
- Control
Correct answer: Analyze
The Analyze phase uses data to identify root causes of defects and variation.
The Analyze phase uses statistical tools to identify root causes: hypothesis testing, regression analysis, ANOVA, Fishbone diagrams, 5 Whys, and failure modes analysis. The goal is to move from symptoms to verified root causes.
Question 4: The Control phase ensures:
- Problems are identified
- Data is collected
- Improvements are sustained over time (Correct answer)
- Solutions are brainstormed
Correct answer: Improvements are sustained over time
The Control phase implements systems to sustain improvements and prevent regression.
Control phase tools include: control charts (SPC), control plans, standard operating procedures, visual management, mistake-proofing (poka-yoke), and training. The goal is to ensure the improved process remains stable.
Question 5: A SIPOC diagram is used in which phase?
- Define (Correct answer)
- Measure
- Analyze
- Improve
Correct answer: Define
SIPOC (Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, Customers) is a Define phase tool.
SIPOC provides a high-level view of the process: who supplies inputs, what the inputs are, the main process steps, what outputs are produced, and who the customers are. It helps define project scope in the Define phase.
Question 6: Which tool is used to prioritize potential causes in the Analyze phase?
- Gantt chart
- Pareto chart (Correct answer)
- Project charter
- Training matrix
Correct answer: Pareto chart
Pareto charts identify the vital few causes that contribute to most defects (80/20 rule).
A Pareto chart is a bar graph ordered by frequency, with a cumulative line showing the total percentage. It applies the 80/20 principle: typically 80% of problems come from 20% of causes. This helps focus improvement efforts on the most impactful factors.
Certified Six Sigma Black Belt Exam DMAIC Methodology 2
The 'D' in DMAIC stands for: