General Flashcards
7 cards from real Certified Six Sigma Black Belt Exam practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 General flashcards as text
A process has a Cpk of 0.75. Which statement best describes this process?
Answer: The process is incapable and likely producing defects
A Cpk below 1.0 indicates the process is not capable of consistently meeting specifications, meaning defects are likely being produced.
What distinguishes a Special Cause variation from Common Cause variation on a control chart?
Answer: Special cause appears as non-random patterns or points outside control limits
Special cause variation is indicated by signals such as points outside control limits, runs, or trends — patterns that are statistically unlikely in a stable process.
Which Design of Experiments (DOE) design allows a Black Belt to study main effects and two-factor interactions with a minimum number of runs?
Answer: Fractional factorial design
Fractional factorial designs study a carefully selected subset of factor combinations, efficiently estimating main effects and two-factor interactions with fewer runs.
In a Gage R&R study, what does 'reproducibility' specifically measure?
Answer: Variation between different operators measuring the same parts
Reproducibility captures the variation attributable to different appraisers (operators) measuring the same items under the same conditions.
A Black Belt wants to compare the means of three process configurations simultaneously. Which statistical test is most appropriate?
Answer: One-way ANOVA
One-way ANOVA tests whether the means of three or more groups are statistically equal, avoiding the inflated Type I error risk of multiple t-tests.
What is the relationship between Type I error (α) and Type II error (β) when sample size is held constant?
Answer: Decreasing α increases β (they move inversely)
With fixed sample size, making the significance level stricter (smaller α) makes it harder to reject H₀, increasing the probability of failing to detect a real effect (β).
Which lean concept describes the total time from when a customer request is received to when the product or service is delivered?
Answer: Lead time
Lead time spans the entire customer experience from order placement to delivery, encompassing both value-added and non-value-added activities.