Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
7 cards from real CMA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text
Which layer of the skin contains melanocytes and Merkel cells?
Answer: Stratum basale
The stratum basale (deepest epidermal layer) contains stem cells for regeneration, melanocytes, and Merkel cells.
What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?
Answer: Reduce surface tension to prevent alveolar collapse
Surfactant, produced by type II alveolar cells, reduces surface tension in alveoli, preventing them from collapsing during exhalation.
The median cubital vein, commonly used for venipuncture, is located at which anatomical site?
Answer: Antecubital fossa of the elbow
The median cubital vein crosses the antecubital fossa (inner elbow) and is the preferred site for routine blood draws.
Which structure connects a muscle to a bone?
Answer: Tendon
Tendons are dense fibrous connective tissue bands that attach muscles to bones, transmitting the force of muscle contraction.
The hormone insulin is produced by which cells of the pancreas?
Answer: Beta cells
Beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas secrete insulin in response to elevated blood glucose.
Which spinal vertebrae form the neck region?
Answer: Cervical (C1–C7)
The seven cervical vertebrae (C1–C7) make up the neck region and support the skull.
Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'fight-or-flight' response?
Answer: Sympathetic division
The sympathetic division triggers the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate, dilating pupils, and mobilizing energy.