Certified Lactation Specialist Lactation Specialist Anatomy & Physiology of Lactation 2

Question 1

What is the primary function of the Montgomery glands (tubercles) on the areola?

Accepted Answer

Producing sebaceous secretions that lubricate and protect the nipple-areola complex

Answer

Montgomery glands are modified sebaceous glands that secrete a lubricating, antimicrobial fluid to protect the nipple-areola complex during lactation.

Question 2

Which cells surround the alveoli and contract to expel milk into the ducts during let-down?

Accepted Answer

Myoepithelial cells

Answer

Myoepithelial cells have smooth muscle-like contractile properties and squeeze the alveoli in response to oxytocin, propelling milk into the lactiferous ducts.

Question 3

The Feedback Inhibitor of Lactation (FIL) is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A whey protein in milk that locally suppresses milk synthesis when milk accumulates in the breast

Answer

FIL is a locally acting whey protein that provides autocrine control of milk production, slowing synthesis when milk is not removed — explaining why infrequent feeding reduces supply.

Question 4

Prolactin is secreted by which endocrine structure?

Accepted Answer

Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)

Answer

The anterior pituitary secretes prolactin in response to suckling stimuli and the reduction of dopaminergic inhibition from the hypothalamus.

Question 5

How does colostrum differ most significantly from mature breast milk?

Accepted Answer

Colostrum contains higher concentrations of immunoglobulins (especially sIgA) and is produced in smaller volumes

Answer

Colostrum is a low-volume, highly concentrated secretion rich in secretory IgA and immune factors, ideally suited to protect the newborn's immature immune system.

Certified Lactation Specialist Practice Test

Certified Lactation Specialist Practice Test

Certified Lactation Specialist Lactation Specialist Anatomy & Physiology of Lactation 2