Certified Gastroenterology RN GI Anatomy and Pathophysiology 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which enzyme, secreted as pepsinogen, initiates protein digestion in the stomach?
- Amylase
- Pepsin (Correct answer)
- Lipase
- Trypsin
Correct answer: Pepsin
Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin by acid and begins protein digestion.
Question 2: The pancreatic enzyme responsible for carbohydrate digestion is:
- Trypsin
- Amylase (Correct answer)
- Lipase
- Chymotrypsin
Correct answer: Amylase
Pancreatic amylase breaks down carbohydrates in the small intestine.
Question 3: Bile is produced by which organ?
- Gallbladder
- Liver (Correct answer)
- Pancreas
- Spleen
Correct answer: Liver
The liver produces bile, which the gallbladder stores and concentrates.
Question 4: The primary role of bile in digestion is to:
- Neutralize gastric acid
- Emulsify fats (Correct answer)
- Digest proteins
- Absorb water
Correct answer: Emulsify fats
Bile salts emulsify fats to aid enzymatic lipid digestion and absorption.
Question 5: Obstruction of the common bile duct by a gallstone most directly causes:
- Pernicious anemia
- Obstructive jaundice (Correct answer)
- Gastric ulcer
- Diverticulitis
Correct answer: Obstructive jaundice
Blocked bile flow causes bilirubin backup, producing obstructive jaundice.
Question 6: Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates which response after a fatty meal?
- Gastric acid secretion only
- Gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme release (Correct answer)
- Colonic water absorption
- Closure of the sphincter of Oddi
Correct answer: Gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme release
CCK triggers gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme secretion while relaxing the sphincter of Oddi.
Question 7: Which organ has both endocrine and exocrine digestive functions?
- Liver
- Pancreas (Correct answer)
- Gallbladder
- Spleen
Correct answer: Pancreas
The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes (exocrine) and hormones like insulin (endocrine).
Certified Gastroenterology RN GI Anatomy and Pathophysiology 4
Which enzyme, secreted as pepsinogen, initiates protein digestion in the stomach?