Certified Dietary Manager Test Special Diets and Therapeutic Nutrition 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which diet is prescribed as the primary treatment for a patient newly diagnosed with celiac disease?
- Low-residue diet
- Strict gluten-free diet (Correct answer)
- Low-FODMAP diet
- High-fiber diet
Correct answer: Strict gluten-free diet
Celiac disease requires strict elimination of gluten — found in wheat, barley, and rye — to prevent intestinal villous atrophy and malabsorption.
Question 2: A patient ordered nectar-thick liquids should receive beverages with which consistency?
- Thin watery consistency
- Flows slowly and coats a spoon like nectar juice (Correct answer)
- Thick enough to hold shape briefly like honey
- Spoonable pudding-like consistency
Correct answer: Flows slowly and coats a spoon like nectar juice
Nectar-thick liquids (IDDSI Level 2) flow slowly and coat a spoon, slowing bolus transit to improve swallowing safety in mild-to-moderate dysphagia.
Question 3: What is the primary purpose of enteral nutrition delivered via nasogastric tube?
- To administer medications directly to the stomach
- To deliver nutrients to patients with functioning GI tracts who cannot eat adequately by mouth (Correct answer)
- To hydrate patients who refuse oral fluids
- To supplement only vitamins and trace minerals
Correct answer: To deliver nutrients to patients with functioning GI tracts who cannot eat adequately by mouth
Enteral tube feeding provides complete or supplemental nutrition to patients whose GI tract is functional but who cannot meet nutritional needs orally.
Question 4: Which nutrient is primarily restricted in a low-residue diet?
- Dietary protein
- Total dietary fat
- Dietary fiber and high-residue foods (Correct answer)
- Sodium and fluid
Correct answer: Dietary fiber and high-residue foods
Low-residue diets restrict dietary fiber and other food components that increase stool bulk, used before colonoscopy or during GI disease flares.
Question 5: A patient with phenylketonuria (PKU) requires a diet strictly limited in which amino acid?
- Leucine
- Phenylalanine (Correct answer)
- Tyrosine
- Methionine
Correct answer: Phenylalanine
PKU patients cannot metabolize phenylalanine due to enzyme deficiency, so dietary restriction prevents toxic accumulation that causes neurological damage.
Question 6: When calculating protein needs for a patient post-surgery, which factor most increases requirements above normal?
- Patient's height and ethnic background
- Metabolic stress factor from surgical trauma elevating protein catabolism (Correct answer)
- Patient's personal food preferences
- Availability of protein foods in the facility kitchen
Correct answer: Metabolic stress factor from surgical trauma elevating protein catabolism
Post-surgical metabolic stress increases protein catabolism and nitrogen losses, requiring elevated intake of 1.2–2.0 g/kg to support wound healing.
Certified Dietary Manager Test Special Diets and Therapeutic Nutrition 2
Which diet is prescribed as the primary treatment for a patient newly diagnosed with celiac disease?