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Neurological Emergencies & Stroke Management Flashcards

7 cards from real CEP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Neurological Emergencies & Stroke Management flashcards as text

  1. A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is best defined as:

    Answer: A brief episode of neurological dysfunction without permanent infarction, typically resolving within minutes to hours

    A TIA is a temporary episode of neurological dysfunction due to focal ischemia with no evidence of permanent infarction on imaging, often resolving within minutes.

  2. The mnemonic AEIOU-TIPS is used in prehospital assessment to evaluate:

    Answer: Altered mental status causes

    AEIOU-TIPS (Alcohol, Epilepsy, Insulin, Opiates, Uremia, Trauma, Infection, Psychiatric, Stroke/Shock) is a systematic aid for differentiating causes of altered mental status.

  3. Classic prehospital findings associated with bacterial meningitis include:

    Answer: Fever, severe headache, nuchal rigidity, and photophobia

    Bacterial meningitis classically presents with fever, severe headache, nuchal rigidity, and photophobia; a petechial rash may indicate meningococcal disease.

  4. In a patient with a spinal cord injury at the C4 level, the paramedic should anticipate:

    Answer: Potential loss of diaphragmatic function requiring ventilatory support

    The phrenic nerve (C3–C5) innervates the diaphragm; injury at or above C4 can impair or eliminate diaphragmatic breathing, necessitating assisted ventilation.

  5. After administering 25g of D50 to a patient with a glucose of 30 mg/dL, the glucose rises to 80 mg/dL but the patient remains unresponsive. Your next priority is:

    Answer: Reassess ABCs and consider other causes of altered mental status using AEIOU-TIPS

    Once hypoglycemia is corrected and the patient remains altered, a systematic reassessment for other causes (AEIOU-TIPS) with ongoing ABCs monitoring is required.

  6. Which pupillary finding is most consistent with opioid toxidrome causing altered mental status?

    Answer: Bilateral pinpoint (miotic) pupils

    Opioid overdose causes bilateral miosis (pinpoint pupils) via stimulation of mu-opioid receptors in the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, combined with CNS and respiratory depression.

  7. When assessing a stroke patient using the Los Angeles Motor Scale (LAMS), a score of 4 or greater indicates:

    Answer: Likelihood of large vessel occlusion requiring mechanical thrombectomy at a comprehensive stroke center

    A LAMS score ≥4 correlates with large vessel occlusion (LVO), which may benefit from mechanical thrombectomy, guiding paramedics to transport to a thrombectomy-capable center.