CEN Pediatric Emergencies 2

Question 1

A 4-year-old presents with sudden choking while eating peanuts, and now has unilateral decreased breath sounds and hyperresonance on the right. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Foreign body airway obstruction in the right mainstem bronchus

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer

Asthma exacerbation

Question 2

What is the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) composed of?

Accepted Answer

Appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to skin

Answer

Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure

Answer

GCS, AVPU, and pupil response

Answer

Oxygen saturation, temperature, and mental status

Question 3

A 14-month-old presents with a spiral femur fracture and bruising in multiple stages of healing. The history is inconsistent. What must be considered?

Accepted Answer

Non-accidental trauma (child abuse)

Answer

Osteogenesis imperfecta only

Answer

Rickets causing fragile bones

Answer

Accidental toddler fracture

Question 4

Intussusception most commonly occurs at which anatomical location?

Accepted Answer

Ileocecal valve (ileocolic)

Answer

Jejunum-ileum junction

Answer

Sigmoid colon

Answer

Duodenojejunal junction

Question 5

What is the appropriate initial fluid bolus for a child in septic shock?

Accepted Answer

20 mL/kg NS or LR IV over 5–10 minutes, reassess after each bolus

Answer

10 mL/kg D5NS over 30 minutes

Answer

40 mL/kg NS bolus without reassessment

Answer

Colloid only

Question 6

Which finding in a febrile infant under 30 days old warrants a full sepsis workup including lumbar puncture?

Accepted Answer

Any temperature ≥38.0°C rectally

Answer

Temperature of 37.9°C rectally with otherwise normal exam

Answer

Temperature ≥38.5°C with URI symptoms

Answer

Fever only with a positive RSV test