Canadian English Language Benchmark Assessment for Nurses (CELBAN) — Questions and Answers

Question 1: "Would you kindly remember if this had occurred previously?"

Better Probing question
You can also ask probing questions that will help you obtain more information such as: (Correct answer)
Once you have a good understanding of the patient's needs, let them know when they can expect to have their symptoms resolved. This can be as simple as saying:
Examples of clarifying questions are:

Correct answer: You can also ask probing questions that will help you obtain more information such as:

Asking 'Would you kindly remember if this had occurred previously?' is a probing question because it digs deeper into the patient's history to gather more relevant details about their condition. Probing questions go beyond surface-level facts to uncover context, unlike clarifying questions which resolve misunderstandings or expectation-setting statements.

Question 2: A nurse notices a patient has developed a stage 2 pressure injury that was not documented on admission. The FIRST action is to:

Wait until the next shift to confirm the finding
File the incident report and then assess the patient
Assess and treat the patient, then complete the incident report promptly (Correct answer)
Inform the family before doing anything else

Correct answer: Assess and treat the patient, then complete the incident report promptly

Patient care always takes priority; the incident report is completed after the patient's immediate needs are addressed.

Question 3: A patient is speaking to a nurse on the phone, describing a rash. The patient says, 'It started on my arms, but now I see a few spots on my chest. It's not really itchy, but it looks quite red and blotchy.' What should the nurse clarify next?

Whether the patient has health insurance.
If the patient has taken a new medication recently. (Correct answer)
If the patient has eaten any unusual foods.
What the patient's current body temperature is.

Correct answer: If the patient has taken a new medication recently.

Given the description of a new rash spreading on the body, a common and important cause to investigate is an allergic reaction to a new medication. This is a priority question for patient safety. While the other questions might be relevant eventually, identifying a potential drug allergy is most critical.

Question 4: A policy document states: 'All incidents involving patient falls must be documented in the incident reporting system within 2 hours of occurrence. A post-fall assessment must be completed by the RN, and the attending physician notified immediately if injury is suspected.' A patient is found on the floor at 0930 with a complaint of hip pain. By what time must the incident report be filed?

By end of shift
1200
1130 (Correct answer)
1030

Correct answer: 1130

The policy requires incident reporting within 2 hours; fall occurred at 0930, so the report must be filed by 1130.

Question 5: A patient tells the nurse a piece of information 'in confidence' that is clinically significant. The nurse should:

Share the information with the team without telling the patient
Document it only and take no further action
Inform the patient that information affecting care must be shared with the care team (Correct answer)
Keep the secret entirely to honor the patient's trust

Correct answer: Inform the patient that information affecting care must be shared with the care team

Nurses must explain the limits of confidentiality; safety-relevant information must be shared with the team, and the patient should be informed of this.

Question 6: A CELBAN speaking task requires you to counsel a patient about smoking cessation. Which motivational interviewing principle best supports this conversation?

Exploring the patient's own reasons for change by asking open-ended questions. (Correct answer)
Telling the patient all the negative consequences of smoking repeatedly.
Instructing the patient to use nicotine patches immediately.
'You really should quit—it's your own fault if you get lung cancer.'

Correct answer: Exploring the patient's own reasons for change by asking open-ended questions.

Motivational interviewing relies on eliciting the patient's own motivation for change through open-ended questions rather than lecturing.

Question 7: A patient's son approaches the nurse's station and states loudly, "My mother has been waiting for her pain medication for over 30 minutes! Why is the service here so slow?" Which of the following is the most therapeutic initial response by the nurse?

"Sir, please lower your voice. There are other patients on the unit who are trying to rest."
"Who is your mother's assigned nurse? I will try to find them for you."
"I can see you're very concerned. Let me come with you to your mother's room and assess her pain right now." (Correct answer)
"We are doing our best. Her medication is scheduled to be given in another 15 minutes."

Correct answer: "I can see you're very concerned. Let me come with you to your mother's room and assess her pain right now."

This response is the most therapeutic because it first validates the family member's feelings ('I can see you're very concerned'), which helps to de-escalate the situation. It then proposes an immediate, action-oriented solution that prioritizes the patient's needs.

Question 8: "Our resident physician, Mr. McAvinue, is presently analyzing your MRI to see whether you require any additional testing. You should expect to wait for at least thirty minutes, and then he will meet with you to go over the results and any other testing that may be required."

Let the patient know that you are aware of the urgency/complexity of the issue. It is often reassuring to the patients when you communicate an understanding of the importance of their issue/situation. When it is an urgent matter, reassure them that you know it is. You can say:
Once you have a good understanding of the patient's needs, let them know when they can expect to have their symptoms resolved. This can be as simple as saying:
Keep the patient informed about the progress
Once you start working on the issue, keep the patient informed about your progress. Let them know what you are doing and why you are doing it. Also, let them know how much longer they can expect to wait. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Once you start working on the issue, keep the patient informed about your progress. Let them know what you are doing and why you are doing it. Also, let them know how much longer they can expect to wait.

This statement keeps the patient informed of progress: it explains what is being done (the resident is reviewing the MRI), why, and how long the wait will be, which is best practice during waiting periods. The other options focus only on setting resolution expectations or acknowledging urgency rather than giving an ongoing progress update.

Question 9: Which of the following is an example of non-therapeutic communication?

'That must be a very difficult situation for you.'
'What does the discomfort feel like to you?'
'Can you tell me more about when the pain started?'
'You shouldn't worry — the doctor knows best.' (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 'You shouldn't worry — the doctor knows best.'

'You shouldn't worry' dismisses the patient's feelings and closes down communication, making it non-therapeutic.

Question 10: A doctor says, "We'll monitor your blood pressure for the next 24 hours." What does the doctor mean?

Blood pressure will not be checked.
Blood pressure will be checked once.
Blood pressure will be observed continuously for 24 hours. (Correct answer)
Blood pressure will be checked weekly.

Correct answer: Blood pressure will be observed continuously for 24 hours.

To "monitor" something for a specific duration, like "the next 24 hours," means to observe it continuously or at regular intervals throughout that entire period. It implies ongoing assessment rather than a single check or weekly observation.

Question 11: A nurse hears a patient with heart failure tell their adult child: 'My ankles have been swelling for three days but I didn't want to call — I thought it would go away.' What does this statement indicate?

The patient has good insight into when symptoms are self-limiting
The patient needs a referral for cognitive assessment
The patient may not understand that ankle swelling is a warning sign requiring prompt reporting in heart failure (Correct answer)
The patient was afraid of hospital admission and made a rational risk decision

Correct answer: The patient may not understand that ankle swelling is a warning sign requiring prompt reporting in heart failure

Ankle edema is a key symptom of decompensating heart failure; patient education should reinforce that this symptom must be reported promptly.

Question 12: Everyone knows that getting into bed early has a significant impact on our fitness. Researchers claim to have found the best time of day to go to bed. British researchers. The ideal bedtime, according to Biobank, is between 10 and 11 p.m. People who sleep between these hours are said to be less likely to develop heart disease. The researchers collected information on the sleeping habits of eighty thousand individuals six years ago. For seven days, the volunteers were required to wear a unique watch that allowed the researchers to record their sleeping and waking hours. The volunteers' level of fitness was then observed by the investigators. Approximately 3,000 volunteers experienced cardiac issues. They either went to bed before or after the "healthy" 10 o'clock or 11 o'clock period. Dr. David Plans, one of the study's authors, made observations about the effects of sleep patterns on heart health in his research. He said, "Although our study does not allow us to conclude on causality, the results suggest that early or late bedtimes may disrupt the body clock, with [negative] outcomes for cardiovascular fitness." However, he added, "Changing into is able to reduce the probability of seeing morning light, which resets the body clock." If our body clock isn't always reset correctly, we run the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. When is the healthiest sleeping time?

7:00 PM
after lunch
after dinner
between 10 pm and 11 pm (Correct answer)

Correct answer: between 10 pm and 11 pm

The passage states: 'The ideal bedtime, according to Biobank, is between 10 and 11 p.m.' This is a specific, research-backed window. The other options — after dinner, after lunch, and 7:00 PM — are vague or simply not supported by anything in the text.

Question 13: "I apologize, but it appears that I am unclear. Would you kindly clarify your problem for me again?"

Set appropriate expectations
Revalidation phrase (Correct answer)
Examples of clarifying questions are:
Probing question

Correct answer: Revalidation phrase

Apologizing for being unclear and asking the patient to re-explain their problem is a revalidation phrase, used to confirm or correct your understanding of what was communicated. It is not a probing or clarifying question, both of which gather new information rather than re-confirming existing information.

Question 14: A nurse reviews a patient's fluid balance chart showing: 'I&O: 1,850 mL / 650 mL.' What should the nurse report to the physician?

The patient is dehydrated and needs less fluid intake
The patient has a significant positive fluid balance suggesting fluid retention (Correct answer)
The patient is adequately hydrated
The output is higher than intake, indicating normal kidney function

Correct answer: The patient has a significant positive fluid balance suggesting fluid retention

A difference of 1,200 mL between intake (1,850 mL) and output (650 mL) represents a significant positive fluid balance that may indicate fluid retention.

Question 15: An incident report for a patient elopement should be submitted:

After the family has been notified and consents to the report
Only if the patient is found and returned safely
As soon as possible, ideally within the same shift the event occurred (Correct answer)
Within one week after a full investigation is complete

Correct answer: As soon as possible, ideally within the same shift the event occurred

Incident reports must be filed promptly, typically within the same shift, to ensure accuracy and timely intervention.

Question 16: Which of the following BEST describes the term 'therapeutic use of self' in nursing communication?

Intentionally using one's personality, insights, and empathy to form a healing relationship (Correct answer)
Using personal anecdotes to connect with patients
Sharing one's own health struggles to build rapport
Maintaining emotional distance to stay objective

Correct answer: Intentionally using one's personality, insights, and empathy to form a healing relationship

Therapeutic use of self involves consciously using communication style, empathy, and presence as tools to support patient healing and wellbeing.

Question 17: A nurse reads the following in a patient's chart: 'Advance diet as tolerated from clear liquids to full liquids, then soft diet.' What does this order require from the nursing staff?

Progress the diet stepwise based on the patient's ability to tolerate each stage without complications (Correct answer)
Consult dietary before making any diet changes
Keep the patient on clear liquids for the full hospital stay
Give the patient a full diet immediately

Correct answer: Progress the diet stepwise based on the patient's ability to tolerate each stage without complications

An 'advance as tolerated' order means the nurse assesses the patient's ability to tolerate each diet stage before progressing to the next level.

Question 18: The physician's orders in a patient's chart state: 'Administer Gravol 50 mg IM q6h PRN for N/V.' How should the nurse interpret this order?

Administer 50 mg of Gravol into the muscle every 6 hours only if the patient complains of nausea or vomiting. (Correct answer)
Give 50 mg of Gravol by mouth every 6 hours continuously for nausea and vomiting.
Give 50 mg of Gravol intravenously every 6 hours as needed for pain.
Apply a 50 mg Gravol patch to the skin every 6 hours to prevent nausea.

Correct answer: Administer 50 mg of Gravol into the muscle every 6 hours only if the patient complains of nausea or vomiting.

This answer correctly decodes all the abbreviations. 'IM' stands for intramuscular (into the muscle). 'q6h' means every 6 hours. 'PRN' means 'pro re nata' or as needed. 'N/V' stands for nausea and vomiting. Therefore, the nurse should give the medication via injection into the muscle, only when the patient experiences nausea or vomiting, and no more frequently than every 6 hours.

Question 19: A CELBAN speaking role-play involves a patient who is crying and refuses to talk. What is the first action the nurse should take?

Leave the room and return in 10 minutes.
Call the doctor right away to report the patient is uncooperative.
Sit quietly beside the patient and offer a compassionate presence without forcing conversation. (Correct answer)
Ask a series of yes/no questions to gather assessment data immediately.

Correct answer: Sit quietly beside the patient and offer a compassionate presence without forcing conversation.

Offering a calm, compassionate presence without pressure allows the patient to feel safe and supported before they are ready to communicate.

Question 20: When communicating a pain assessment to a physician over the phone during a CELBAN speaking task, which structured communication tool is most appropriate?

ADPIE
WILDA mnemonic
SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) (Correct answer)
SOAP note format

Correct answer: SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation)

SBAR is the standard structured communication tool used for verbal reporting to physicians in Canadian healthcare settings.

Question 21: While reviewing a new admission's chart, the nurse notes the following: 'Allergies: NKDA'. What does this abbreviation signify?

No Known Dietary Restrictions
No Known Drug Allergies (Correct answer)
Nasal Ketone Diagnostic Abnormal
Needs Kidney Dialysis Assessment

Correct answer: No Known Drug Allergies

'NKDA' is a standard medical abbreviation used in patient charts to indicate 'No Known Drug Allergies'. This is a critical piece of information for safe medication administration.

Question 22: Which speaking strategy helps a CELBAN candidate avoid long, awkward silences when they need a moment to think during a role-play?

Using natural fillers and stalling phrases such as 'That's a great question. Let me make sure I explain this clearly...' (Correct answer)
Switching topics to something you are more comfortable with
Repeating the question word for word three times before answering
Staring silently at the examiner for up to 30 seconds

Correct answer: Using natural fillers and stalling phrases such as 'That's a great question. Let me make sure I explain this clearly...'

Natural stalling phrases maintain conversational flow and demonstrate composure while the speaker formulates a thoughtful clinical response.

Question 23: A patient complains about long waiting times. What should you say?

"You can complain to the administration if you want."
"We’re doing our best to see everyone quickly. Thank you for your patience." (Correct answer)
"This is not my fault. You’ll have to wait."
"Waiting times are normal. You’ll have to deal with it."

Correct answer: "We’re doing our best to see everyone quickly. Thank you for your patience."

This response acknowledges the patient's complaint, offers a brief, empathetic explanation without making excuses, and expresses appreciation for their patience. It maintains a professional and reassuring tone, which is important for patient satisfaction and managing expectations in a healthcare setting.

Question 24: Globally, the coronavirus infection is beginning to spread in another form. The WHO called the mutation "Omicon," sticking to the Greek letters. Additionally, on November 9th, Botswana received the first report of this virus. Following the eighteen-day period, it was discovered in South Africa and labeled as a "virus of concern." Cases have since been recorded from Israel, Madagascar, Belgium, and Hong Kong. Epidemiologists have cautioned that this new strain may be very contagious and may be able to avoid the defenses provided by our present vaccinations. As a result, several nations have reinstated their restrictions on ravels. In spite of this, the Czech Republic, the UK, and Germany have all effectively reported new cases. Researchers have identified 50 genetic alterations in the DNA that affect the spikes that may make the virus more virulent, more transmissible, and potentially more resistant to vaccinations. These variations are being investigated by scientists in an effort to evaluate the potential risks that Omicron may offer. According to scientists, it can take a few weeks to ascertain how well our vaccinations work against Omicron. "When you've got a virus that's showing this degree of transmissibility, and you're having travel-related cases, it virtually invariably is getting to go everywhere [the world]," the chief medical advisor to the White House has issued a warning. What do current vaccines focus on?

white blood cells
corona virus spikes (Correct answer)
arms
the respiratory system

Correct answer: corona virus spikes

The passage states that the 50 genetic alterations affect the 'spikes' of the virus, and researchers were concerned these changes might make the virus more resistant to current vaccinations, which target those spikes. The respiratory system, arms, and white blood cells are not mentioned as vaccine targets in the passage.

Question 25: During a shift-change report, the outgoing nurse describes a patient as 'a bit anxious' and reports that the patient's family 'has been calling frequently.' What is the primary purpose of conveying this information to the incoming nurse?

To suggest the patient is ready for discharge.
To prepare the nurse for the patient's psychosocial and emotional needs. (Correct answer)
To complain about the patient's family.
To indicate that the patient's physical condition has worsened.

Correct answer: To prepare the nurse for the patient's psychosocial and emotional needs.

Reporting on a patient's anxiety and frequent family calls provides important context about the patient's emotional state and family dynamics. This allows the incoming nurse to be prepared to offer psychosocial support, manage family communication, and provide holistic care beyond just the physical symptoms.

Question 26: You hear a nurse giving instructions to a patient: "Please take this medication after meals, twice a day." What should the patient do?

Take the medication with meals.
Take the medication after meals. (Correct answer)
Take the medication before meals.
Take the medication only once a day.

Correct answer: Take the medication after meals.

The nurse's instruction, "Please take this medication after meals," directly specifies the timing for the medication. This means the patient should consume food first, then take the medicine, not before or with meals.

Question 27: You are listening to a conversation between a nurse and an elderly patient who is hard of hearing. The nurse says, 'Mr. Smith, I'm going to say this a bit louder for you. It's time to take your blood pressure medication. It's the small, blue pill.' What is the main purpose of the nurse's communication style?

To adapt her communication to overcome the patient's hearing barrier. (Correct answer)
To provide a detailed chemical breakdown of the drug.
To rush the patient into taking his medication.
To show frustration with the patient's hearing loss.

Correct answer: To adapt her communication to overcome the patient's hearing barrier.

The nurse clearly modifies her communication by speaking louder and simplifying the instruction to identify the pill ('the small, blue pill'). This demonstrates an adaptation to the patient's specific need (hearing impairment) to ensure the message is understood correctly and safely.

Question 28: A CELBAN speaking task asks you to explain NPO (nothing by mouth) instructions to a patient before a morning procedure. Which explanation is most appropriate?

'Don't eat or drink anything, including water, after midnight. This keeps your stomach empty so the anesthesia is safer.' (Correct answer)
'The doctor says no eating. Just follow the rules.'
'You can have clear fluids up until your procedure begins.'
'You are NPO from midnight — no food or drink, including water.'

Correct answer: 'Don't eat or drink anything, including water, after midnight. This keeps your stomach empty so the anesthesia is safer.'

Giving the instruction in plain language and briefly explaining the reason increases patient understanding and compliance.

Question 29: Which of the following BEST describes the type of language that should be used when writing the narrative portion of an incident report?

Objective, factual, and chronological. (Correct answer)
Technical, using many medical abbreviations.
Concise, using personal judgment and conclusions.
Subjective, descriptive, and detailed.

Correct answer: Objective, factual, and chronological.

Incident reports require clear, objective, and factual language. The events should be described in the order they occurred (chronologically) without including personal feelings, judgments, or assumptions.

Question 30: In the CELBAN Speaking section, candidates are scored on several criteria. Which of the following is NOT one of the main scoring dimensions?

Pronunciation
Spelling accuracy (Correct answer)
Lexical resource (vocabulary range)
Fluency and coherence

Correct answer: Spelling accuracy

CELBAN Speaking is scored on fluency, coherence, vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation — spelling is assessed in the Writing section, not Speaking.

Question 31: A chart consultation note states: 'Recommend strict I&O monitoring and daily weights for fluid management.' Why would daily weights be ordered alongside I&O monitoring?

To calculate the correct medication dosage based on body weight
To monitor nutritional status and caloric intake
To assess the patient's mobility and ability to stand
To detect fluid retention or loss more accurately than I&O alone (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To detect fluid retention or loss more accurately than I&O alone

Daily weights provide an objective measure of total body fluid changes, as 1 kg of body weight change approximately equals 1 liter of fluid retained or lost.

Question 32: You hear an announcement: "Code Blue in Room 305." What does this mean?

The room requires cleaning.
Visitors are allowed in Room 305.
The patient needs immediate assistance. (Correct answer)
A staff meeting is scheduled in Room 305.

Correct answer: The patient needs immediate assistance.

In a hospital setting, a "Code Blue" is a universally recognized emergency code indicating a medical emergency, typically a cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest. This signals that a patient requires immediate resuscitation or critical medical intervention. Therefore, it means the patient needs immediate assistance.

Question 33: Which of the following is the most effective strategy when taking the CELBAN Listening test, given that audio clips are played only once?

Read the questions beforehand and select answers as you hear the relevant information. (Correct answer)
Try to write down every single word the speaker says.
Focus only on listening and ignore the questions until the audio stops.
Wait until the entire dialogue is finished before answering any questions.

Correct answer: Read the questions beforehand and select answers as you hear the relevant information.

Because the audio is only played once, it is crucial to multitask. Test-takers are given time to pre-read the questions. This allows them to listen for specific information and select the correct answer as soon as they hear it, which is the most efficient and recommended strategy for the CELBAN Listening section.

Question 34: When communicating with a patient who uses silence as a sign of respect and contemplation, the nurse should:

Repeat the question louder to prompt a response
Assume the patient did not understand and simplify the language
Allow adequate time for silence and avoid rushing the patient (Correct answer)
Fill the silence with additional information immediately

Correct answer: Allow adequate time for silence and avoid rushing the patient

In many cultures, silence signifies respect and thoughtful reflection, so nurses must allow comfortable pauses rather than interpreting silence as confusion.

Question 35: In a dialogue, a patient tells the nurse, 'My head is pounding, the lights are bothering my eyes, and I feel like I'm going to be sick.' Which of the following is the most accurate summary of the patient's primary symptoms?

General fatigue and dizziness.
Headache, photosensitivity, and nausea. (Correct answer)
Blurred vision and stomach cramps.
Nausea and fever.

Correct answer: Headache, photosensitivity, and nausea.

The patient's statements directly correspond to the medical terms for the symptoms listed. 'My head is pounding' is a headache, 'the lights are bothering my eyes' is photosensitivity, and 'I feel like I'm going to be sick' indicates nausea. The other options include symptoms not mentioned by the patient.

Question 36: In a dialysis unit, a patient says to another patient: 'I've been skipping some sessions — I just hate being here for so long.' A nurse overhears this. What is the priority action?

Respect the patient's autonomy and take no action
Report the patient to the physician immediately without further discussion
Notify the charge nurse that the patient is violating unit rules
Speak privately with the patient to explore barriers and educate about the consequences of missed dialysis (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Speak privately with the patient to explore barriers and educate about the consequences of missed dialysis

Missed dialysis sessions can be life-threatening; a private, non-judgmental conversation to understand barriers is the first step in supporting adherence.

Question 37: A nurse says, "Elevate your leg to reduce swelling." What should the patient do?

Massage the leg.
Place the leg in cold water.
Keep the leg flat.
Raise the leg higher than the body. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Raise the leg higher than the body.

To "elevate" a body part means to raise it to a higher position. In a medical context, elevating a leg above the level of the heart helps to promote venous return and lymphatic drainage, which effectively reduces swelling. Keeping the leg flat or massaging it would not achieve this specific outcome.

Question 38: "When did these symptoms start to appear??"

examples of clarifying questions are:
Level setting of expectations
Revalidation phrase
Probing question (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Probing question

Asking when symptoms started is a probing question because it seeks more specific detail and a deeper understanding beyond a yes/no answer. Expectation-setting, revalidation, and clarifying questions serve different communication purposes and don't fit this fact-gathering inquiry.

Question 39: A transfer summary chart notes: 'Pt. transferred from ICU, weaned off vasopressors 12h ago, hemodynamically stable.' What does 'hemodynamically stable' mean?

The patient's heart rhythm is regular
The patient's blood pressure and cardiac output are adequate without medication support (Correct answer)
The patient's blood counts are within normal limits
The patient has no history of cardiac disease

Correct answer: The patient's blood pressure and cardiac output are adequate without medication support

Hemodynamically stable means the patient's circulation — blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output — is maintaining adequate perfusion without requiring vasopressor support.

Question 40: A colleague is explaining a procedure, but a patient doesn’t seem to understand. What should you do?

Wait until your colleague is finished and then clarify for the patient. (Correct answer)
Ignore it and assume the patient understands.
Ask the patient if they have any questions while your colleague is explaining.
Interrupt and explain it yourself.

Correct answer: Wait until your colleague is finished and then clarify for the patient.

Interrupting a colleague can be disruptive and undermine their authority and the patient's trust in them. Waiting until they finish allows for a respectful interaction, after which you can offer clarification to the patient, ensuring they fully understand without causing awkwardness or disrespect.

Question 41: "The doctor ___ the patient to stay in bed for two days."

advises
advised (Correct answer)
advise
advising

Correct answer: advised

The sentence describes a past action by the doctor, indicating that the advice has already been given. "Advised" is the simple past tense of the verb "to advise," correctly fitting the context of a completed action. The other options are incorrect verb forms for this context.

Question 42: After completing an incident report, a supervisor asks a nurse to remove a detail that reflects poorly on the unit. The nurse should:

Remove the detail to maintain team harmony
Submit two versions of the report
Refuse to alter factual information, as falsifying a report is unethical and potentially illegal (Correct answer)
Rewrite the entire report in vague terms

Correct answer: Refuse to alter factual information, as falsifying a report is unethical and potentially illegal

Altering incident reports to conceal facts is a serious breach of professional ethics and may constitute falsification of records.

Question 43: "The medication should be taken ___ meals."

between
above
under
after (Correct answer)

Correct answer: after

In medical instructions, "after meals" is a common directive indicating that medication should be taken following the consumption of food. This timing is often specified to reduce stomach upset or improve absorption. The other prepositions do not convey the intended meaning of taking medication post-consumption.

Question 44: A nursing care plan states: 'Monitor fluid intake and output every 4 hours; restrict oral fluids to 1,000 mL/day; administer furosemide 40 mg IV as ordered.' What is the PRIMARY purpose of the fluid restriction?

To prevent dehydration from furosemide
To manage fluid overload in a patient with compromised kidney or heart function (Correct answer)
To reduce the frequency of urination for patient comfort
To ensure accurate measurement of IV fluid administration

Correct answer: To manage fluid overload in a patient with compromised kidney or heart function

Fluid restriction combined with furosemide (a diuretic) indicates management of fluid overload, commonly seen in heart failure or renal insufficiency.

Question 45: "The nurse ___ the patient how to use the inhaler."

teaches
teaching
taught (Correct answer)
teach

Correct answer: taught

The sentence describes a completed action in the past – the nurse already instructed the patient on how to use the inhaler. "Taught" is the simple past tense of the verb "to teach," making it the correct form to describe this past event. The other options are incorrect verb forms for a past action.

Question 46: In a CELBAN speaking role-play, a patient becomes upset and says, 'No one ever listens to me!' What is the best immediate response?

'I understand you feel unheard. I'm here now and I want to listen to you.' (Correct answer)
'Let me get the charge nurse to speak with you.'
'I listen to all my patients equally.'
'Please calm down so we can talk properly.'

Correct answer: 'I understand you feel unheard. I'm here now and I want to listen to you.'

Validating the patient's feelings and expressing willingness to listen de-escalates the situation and demonstrates empathic communication.

Question 47: During a patient round, a nurse hears a post-partum patient tell her partner: 'I love her so much but sometimes I just want to run away — is that terrible?' What is the nurse's best response?

Normalize the feeling while screening for postpartum depression using a validated tool (Correct answer)
Leave the couple to discuss the matter privately
Explain to the patient that ambivalent feelings are abnormal and require psychiatric referral
Document that the patient is expressing thoughts of abandoning the infant

Correct answer: Normalize the feeling while screening for postpartum depression using a validated tool

Ambivalent feelings are common postpartum, but the nurse should screen for postpartum depression using tools like the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.

Question 48: A patient asks, "Can I take my pain medication with food?" The nurse replies, "Yes, it’s fine to take it with meals." What does this mean?

The medication cannot be taken at all.
The medication should be taken only with water.
The medication should be taken without food.
The medication can be taken during meals. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The medication can be taken during meals.

The nurse's reply, "Yes, it’s fine to take it with meals," directly confirms that consuming food while taking the medication is acceptable. This means the patient can take the medication at the same time they are eating. It does not imply taking it without food or only with water.

Question 49: A patient says, "I feel short of breath when I walk upstairs." What is the patient experiencing?

Difficulty breathing. (Correct answer)
Dizziness.
Chest pain.
Fatigue.

Correct answer: Difficulty breathing.

To feel "short of breath" is a common medical term for dyspnea, which describes the sensation of having difficulty breathing or not being able to get enough air. This symptom is often exacerbated by physical exertion, such as walking upstairs. Thus, the patient is experiencing difficulty breathing.

Question 50: You hear this instruction: "Apply the cream to the affected area twice a day." What should the patient do?

Take the cream orally.
Apply the cream to healthy skin.
Apply the cream to the affected area two times daily. (Correct answer)
Apply the cream to the affected area once a day.

Correct answer: Apply the cream to the affected area two times daily.

The instruction "twice a day" explicitly means two times within a 24-hour period. Therefore, applying the cream to the affected area two times daily accurately reflects the prescribed frequency. The other options either change the method, location, or frequency of application.

Question 51: A nurse notices that a patient's dietary restrictions based on religious practice conflict with the prescribed hospital diet. The most appropriate action is to:

Document the conflict and take no action
Override the restriction since medical nutrition takes priority
Notify the dietitian and work to accommodate religious dietary needs within medical parameters (Correct answer)
Ask the patient to suspend their dietary practices during hospitalization

Correct answer: Notify the dietitian and work to accommodate religious dietary needs within medical parameters

Collaborating with dietitians to honor religious dietary restrictions while meeting medical nutritional needs reflects culturally competent, patient-centered care.

Question 52: "This is a bit complicated. I should be able to let you know how we can work on this _______."

Revalidation phrase
Set appropriate expectations
Level setting of expectations with empathy (Correct answer)
Better probing question

Correct answer: Level setting of expectations with empathy

The phrase acknowledges the situation is complicated (showing empathy and honesty) while committing to a future update with a time placeholder, which is the hallmark of level setting expectations with empathy. Plain 'set appropriate expectations' lacks the empathetic tone, and a revalidation phrase would confirm what was heard rather than project forward.

Question 53: A nurse hears a patient with COPD tell a visitor: 'They say I should use the puffer before I exercise, but I always forget because I feel fine at that time.' What education gap does this reveal?

The patient does not understand the preventive purpose of pre-exercise bronchodilator use (Correct answer)
The patient needs a simplified inhaler technique demonstration
The patient is non-compliant and unlikely to benefit from further education
The patient does not understand that COPD is a chronic condition

Correct answer: The patient does not understand the preventive purpose of pre-exercise bronchodilator use

Using a bronchodilator before activity prevents exercise-induced bronchospasm; the patient's comment shows they don't grasp the preventive rationale.

Question 54: In a CELBAN speaking scenario, a patient reports that the medication you just administered is causing a burning sensation in their arm. What is your immediate verbal response?

'The doctor ordered this medication so it must be fine.'
'That's normal, don't worry about it.'
'I'll stop the infusion right now and assess your arm. Can you show me exactly where you feel the burning?' (Correct answer)
'Try to relax; it will pass in a few minutes.'

Correct answer: 'I'll stop the infusion right now and assess your arm. Can you show me exactly where you feel the burning?'

Stopping the infusion immediately and assessing the site is the safe, patient-centered response to a potential infiltration or phlebitis complaint.

Question 55: A charge nurse overhears a new nurse tell a patient: 'Your surgery is tomorrow morning, so you can't eat after midnight.' The patient's surgery is actually scheduled for the afternoon. What should the charge nurse do first?

Ask the patient to confirm the time with the surgeon directly
Document the communication error in the incident report first
Immediately clarify the fasting instructions with the patient to prevent unnecessary prolonged fasting (Correct answer)
Correct the new nurse privately later during the shift

Correct answer: Immediately clarify the fasting instructions with the patient to prevent unnecessary prolonged fasting

Prolonged unnecessary fasting can cause patient discomfort and dehydration; immediate correction of the instruction to the patient is the priority.

Question 56: A patient's chart shows 'NPO after midnight.' What does this instruction mean for the nursing staff?

The patient must not eat or drink anything after midnight (Correct answer)
The patient can have clear fluids but no solid food after midnight
The patient should only drink water after midnight
The patient should receive IV fluids after midnight

Correct answer: The patient must not eat or drink anything after midnight

NPO stands for 'nil per os' (nothing by mouth), meaning the patient must not consume anything orally after midnight.

Question 57: A patient's chart shows a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8. How should the nurse interpret this finding?

The patient has a mild cognitive impairment
The patient is fully conscious and oriented
The patient has a severe brain injury requiring immediate airway management consideration (Correct answer)
The patient is mildly confused but stable

Correct answer: The patient has a severe brain injury requiring immediate airway management consideration

A GCS score of 8 or below indicates severe brain injury and is the threshold at which airway management (intubation) is typically considered.

Question 58: As an illustration: Hello, my name is Aline, and I will be your nurse from 8 a.m. until 5 p.m. today. During my shift, just let me know if you have any concerns. Simply press #8 on your bedside phone if you need assistance.

Set appropriate expectations (Correct answer)
Revalidation phrase
Better probing question
Level setting of expectations with empathy

Correct answer: Set appropriate expectations

The nurse is communicating specific boundaries — her name, her working hours, and exactly how to reach her — which is the definition of setting appropriate expectations. 'Level setting of expectations with empathy' would also acknowledge difficulty or emotion, and a revalidation phrase would confirm understanding, neither of which is happening here.

Question 59: A CELBAN speaking scenario asks you to explain a procedure to an anxious patient. Which element is LEAST important in your initial response?

Detailing the full medical history of previous patients who had the same procedure (Correct answer)
Acknowledging the patient's anxiety
Asking the patient if they have questions
Explaining each step of the procedure in simple terms

Correct answer: Detailing the full medical history of previous patients who had the same procedure

Sharing other patients' medical histories is irrelevant and violates confidentiality; it has no place in patient education.

Question 60: A patient's chart contains a note: 'Braden Scale score 14.' How should the nurse interpret this finding?

The patient has no risk of pressure injury development
The patient is at mild risk for pressure injury and preventive measures should be implemented (Correct answer)
The patient has moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment
The patient has already developed a stage 2 pressure injury

Correct answer: The patient is at mild risk for pressure injury and preventive measures should be implemented

The Braden Scale ranges from 6 to 23; a score of 15–18 indicates mild risk for pressure injuries, warranting preventive skin care and repositioning protocols.

Question 61: A patient with limited English proficiency says through a phone interpreter: 'The nurse yesterday told me to push the button if the pain is bad, but I don't want to bother anyone.' What barrier is this patient describing?

A language barrier preventing understanding of pain management instructions
Distrust of the nursing staff based on a prior negative experience
Inability to operate the call bell device
Cultural or social reluctance to request help, potentially leading to undertreated pain (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Cultural or social reluctance to request help, potentially leading to undertreated pain

Reluctance to 'bother' staff is a well-documented barrier to adequate pain reporting, particularly in patients from cultures that value stoicism or deference.

Question 62: A charge nurse notices that a handover report says 'patient is stable' but no vital signs or assessments are mentioned. What is the main problem with this handover?

It should have been written, not spoken
The patient should have been mentioned last
It lacks specific clinical data to support the assessment (Correct answer)
It is too detailed and wastes time

Correct answer: It lacks specific clinical data to support the assessment

Saying a patient is 'stable' without supporting data such as vitals, recent assessments, or labs does not give the incoming nurse enough clinical information.

Question 63: In a CELBAN speaking task simulating a triage scenario, a patient describes chest pain that started 20 minutes ago. What is the most important verbal action the nurse should take first?

Offer the patient a glass of water and reassure them it is probably heartburn.
Tell the patient to wait in the waiting room until their name is called.
Immediately notify the charge nurse or physician while keeping the patient calm and asking them to remain seated. (Correct answer)
Ask the patient to complete a paper triage form.

Correct answer: Immediately notify the charge nurse or physician while keeping the patient calm and asking them to remain seated.

Acute chest pain is a potential cardiac emergency requiring immediate escalation while keeping the patient calm and stationary.

Question 64: During a home care visit, a nurse hears a patient tell a neighbor on the phone: 'I just don't fill those prescriptions — they cost too much and I figure I'll be okay.' What should the nurse assess next?

The extent of the patient's non-adherence, the medications involved, and available drug benefit programs (Correct answer)
Whether the neighbor can help the patient budget for medications
Whether the patient's conditions are serious enough to warrant the cost
Whether the patient qualifies for a different insurance plan

Correct answer: The extent of the patient's non-adherence, the medications involved, and available drug benefit programs

Cost-related non-adherence requires identifying which medications are unfilled, assessing clinical risk, and connecting the patient with drug assistance programs.

Question 65: A nurse reads the following progress note for a post-operative patient: 'Day 2 post-op R TKR. Pt ambulated 10m with 2x assist. Incision C/D/I, no erythema or purulent drainage noted. States pain managed with PO analgesia. Voiding qs. A/O x 3.' Which of the following indicates the patient is progressing as expected?

The report of unmanaged pain despite medication.
The clean, dry, and intact incision site. (Correct answer)
The need for two people to assist with ambulation.
The presence of erythema and purulent drainage.

Correct answer: The clean, dry, and intact incision site.

The note 'Incision C/D/I' stands for Clean, Dry, and Intact. The absence of 'erythema' (redness) or 'purulent drainage' (pus) are positive signs that the surgical wound from the Right Total Knee Replacement (R TKR) is healing properly without signs of infection. Ambulation with assistance is expected on day 2 post-op, and pain managed with oral ('PO') medication is a good sign.

Question 66: Which statement most clearly conveys urgency during a handover about a deteriorating patient?

I left notes about Room 4 somewhere on the board.
Room 4 might need attention at some point.
Room 4 hasn't been feeling great today.
The patient in Room 4 has had three episodes of hypotension; I'm concerned about sepsis and have flagged it for the rapid response team. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The patient in Room 4 has had three episodes of hypotension; I'm concerned about sepsis and have flagged it for the rapid response team.

Clear handover communication specifies frequency of events, a clinical concern, and actions already taken, leaving no ambiguity for the incoming nurse.

Question 67: During a CELBAN speaking role-play, a patient says they are confused about why they need to take a medication. What is the best opening response to address their concern?

Acknowledge their concern and offer to explain the medication's purpose clearly. (Correct answer)
Reassure them it is a routine medication and nothing to worry about.
Advise them to ask the pharmacist when they get home.
Tell them the doctor ordered it and they must comply.

Correct answer: Acknowledge their concern and offer to explain the medication's purpose clearly.

Acknowledging the patient's concern first demonstrates therapeutic communication, a key criterion in the CELBAN speaking assessment.

Question 68: A patient uses traditional remedies alongside prescribed medication. What is your best response?

"You should only use the prescribed medication."
"Stop using the remedies immediately."
"Can you share more about your traditional remedies so we can ensure they’re safe with your medication?" (Correct answer)
"Traditional remedies are not effective."

Correct answer: "Can you share more about your traditional remedies so we can ensure they’re safe with your medication?"

This response demonstrates cultural sensitivity and a commitment to patient safety. By inquiring about traditional remedies, the nurse can assess potential interactions with prescribed medications, educate the patient, and integrate their cultural practices into a safe and holistic care plan.

Question 69: During a CELBAN speaking task, you are asked to describe a patient's wound to a physician over the phone. Which characteristic should you describe FIRST using a systematic approach?

The patient's emotional response to the wound
Whether the patient is on anticoagulants
Location, size, depth, color, and drainage of the wound (Correct answer)
The type of dressing that has been applied previously

Correct answer: Location, size, depth, color, and drainage of the wound

A systematic wound description begins with observable clinical characteristics: location, dimensions, depth, color, and any drainage or odor.

Question 70: During a CELBAN speaking scenario involving a patient from a different cultural background who declines physical contact during assessment, the nurse should:

Ask a nurse from the same background to perform all assessments.
Acknowledge the preference, explain the clinical necessity, and ask for the patient's consent before proceeding. (Correct answer)
Skip the physical assessment entirely to avoid discomfort.
Proceed with the assessment without acknowledging the patient's preferences.

Correct answer: Acknowledge the preference, explain the clinical necessity, and ask for the patient's consent before proceeding.

Culturally competent care requires acknowledging preferences, explaining clinical needs, and seeking informed consent before any contact.

Question 71: A nursing journal excerpt reads: 'Motivational interviewing (MI) is a collaborative, person-centered approach that elicits and strengthens motivation for change. Core skills include open-ended questions, affirmations, reflective listening, and summarizing (OARS).' Which response BEST demonstrates reflective listening?

'Let me summarize what we've discussed today.'
'You've shown real commitment by coming to this appointment.'
'Have you thought about quitting smoking?'
'It sounds like you feel stuck between wanting to quit and enjoying smoking.' (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 'It sounds like you feel stuck between wanting to quit and enjoying smoking.'

Reflective listening involves mirroring the patient's feelings or thoughts back to them, demonstrating understanding without judgment.

Question 72: A chart progress note reads: 'Crackles auscultated bilaterally at lung bases, O2 sat 91% on 2L NC.' What should the nurse do first?

Encourage the patient to cough and deep breathe
Notify the physician of worsening respiratory status
Increase oxygen flow rate and reassess oxygen saturation (Correct answer)
Document findings and reassess in one hour

Correct answer: Increase oxygen flow rate and reassess oxygen saturation

An O2 saturation of 91% is below the acceptable threshold of 95%; increasing the oxygen delivery and reassessing is the immediate nursing action.

Question 73: A CELBAN speaking scenario involves a patient who is tearful about a recent cancer diagnosis. After the role-play, an examiner notes the candidate 'failed to demonstrate empathy.' Which response illustrates the missed empathetic language?

'Many people survive cancer these days, so try to stay positive.'
'The doctor will explain everything; I'm just the nurse.'
'That must be incredibly difficult news to receive. I'm here with you, and we'll work through this together.' (Correct answer)
'Let's focus on what your treatment options are right now.'

Correct answer: 'That must be incredibly difficult news to receive. I'm here with you, and we'll work through this together.'

Explicitly naming the patient's emotional experience and offering presence and partnership is the hallmark of empathetic clinical communication.

Question 74: You hear a pharmacist say, "This medication may cause drowsiness. Avoid operating machinery." What should the patient do?

Take extra doses to stay awake.
Operate machinery as usual.
Avoid taking the medication.
Be cautious and avoid using machinery. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Be cautious and avoid using machinery.

The warning "This medication may cause drowsiness. Avoid operating machinery" directly advises against activities that require alertness and coordination. Drowsiness can impair judgment and reaction time, making it unsafe to operate machinery. Therefore, the patient should be cautious and refrain from such activities.

Question 75: A nurse says, "Your surgery is scheduled for 8:00 AM tomorrow." When will the surgery occur?

At midnight tonight.
In the evening tomorrow.
In the evening today.
In the morning tomorrow. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: In the morning tomorrow.

The abbreviation "AM" stands for 'ante meridiem,' which refers to the hours from midnight to noon. Therefore, 8:00 AM tomorrow specifically means the surgery will take place in the morning of the next day. The other options refer to incorrect times of day or incorrect days.

Question 76: A nurse says, "Please inform me if you feel dizzy after taking the medication." What should the patient do?

Only inform the nurse if dizziness occurs. (Correct answer)
Take the medication only if dizziness is felt
Inform the nurse immediately after taking the medication.
Avoid taking the medication.

Correct answer: Only inform the nurse if dizziness occurs.

The nurse's instruction, "Please inform me if you feel dizzy after taking the medication," uses the conditional word "if." This means the patient should only report to the nurse in the specific event that dizziness is experienced, not as a routine action.

Question 77: A discharge teaching handout reads: 'Signs of wound infection include increased redness, warmth, swelling, purulent discharge, and fever above 38°C. Contact your healthcare provider if any of these signs appear within 30 days of surgery.' A patient calls 10 days post-op reporting the wound feels warm and there is yellow drainage. What should the nurse advise?

Contact the healthcare provider as these are signs listed in the handout (Correct answer)
Apply an over-the-counter antibiotic ointment and monitor
Wait another week to see if symptoms resolve on their own
Go directly to the emergency department without calling first

Correct answer: Contact the healthcare provider as these are signs listed in the handout

Warmth and purulent (yellow) drainage within 30 days match the listed infection signs, and the handout instructs patients to contact their provider.

Question 78: During a CELBAN speaking task, a patient mentions they have been taking a herbal supplement and asks if it is safe with their prescribed blood thinner. The best nurse response is:

'That is the pharmacist's job, not mine.'
'Herbal supplements are natural, so they are definitely safe.'
'I'm glad you told me. Some herbal supplements can interact with blood thinners, so I'll note this and make sure the doctor or pharmacist reviews it with you.' (Correct answer)
'Stop taking the supplement immediately until we figure this out.'

Correct answer: 'I'm glad you told me. Some herbal supplements can interact with blood thinners, so I'll note this and make sure the doctor or pharmacist reviews it with you.'

Acknowledging the patient's disclosure, noting the potential for interactions, and escalating to the appropriate professional is the correct nursing response.

Question 79: A chart contains a physician's note: 'Suspect PE; order CTPA stat, initiate anticoagulation per protocol.' What does PE stand for in this context?

Peripheral edema
Pleural effusion
Pulmonary embolism (Correct answer)
Pericardial effusion

Correct answer: Pulmonary embolism

PE in the context of CTPA (CT pulmonary angiography) and anticoagulation clearly refers to pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening blockage of lung blood vessels.

Question 80: Steer clear of: Cold greetings without feeling

"Hi, I'm Toni your nurse for today. You can call me anytime you need help" (Correct answer)
Level setting of expectations with empathy
"In this case, time is of the essence. I am going to speak with Dr. Brown or my Nurse Supervisor to help me expedite this issue."
You can also ask probing questions that will help you obtain more information such as:

Correct answer: "Hi, I'm Toni your nurse for today. You can call me anytime you need help"

The correct answer demonstrates a warm, personal greeting by introducing the nurse by name and offering open availability, which immediately builds rapport and trust with the patient. The other options either set expectations without warmth, escalate an issue, or describe a questioning technique — none of which qualify as a greeting at all.

Question 81: A nursing note documents: 'Skin turgor poor, mucous membranes dry, urine dark amber.' Which nursing diagnosis is most supported by these chart findings?

Ineffective tissue perfusion
Risk for infection
Deficient fluid volume (Correct answer)
Impaired skin integrity

Correct answer: Deficient fluid volume

Poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, and dark concentrated urine are classic signs of dehydration, supporting a nursing diagnosis of deficient fluid volume.

Question 82: A nurse is reviewing the following entry in a patient's chart: 'Pt. c/o sharp, stabbing pain to RUQ, rated 8/10. Skin is diaphoretic and clammy. V/S: BP 150/90, HR 110, RR 22, T 37.8 C. NPO since midnight. Awaiting ultrasound.' Which of the following is the most accurate summary of the patient's condition?

The patient is dehydrated and needs immediate fluid replacement before any diagnostic tests.
The patient is stable with minor abdominal discomfort and will be discharged soon.
The patient is experiencing significant pain and showing signs of distress, requiring further investigation. (Correct answer)
The patient has a low-grade fever and is being kept without food or drink as a precaution.

Correct answer: The patient is experiencing significant pain and showing signs of distress, requiring further investigation.

The correct answer accurately synthesizes all the key information. The patient's complaint ('c/o') of 'sharp, stabbing pain' rated 8/10 indicates severe pain, not minor discomfort. The vital signs (V/S) are elevated (hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea), and the skin is 'diaphoretic and clammy,' which are signs of distress. The patient is being kept 'NPO' (nothing by mouth) and is 'awaiting ultrasound,' which points to the need for further diagnostic investigation.

Question 83: You hear an announcement: "Attention, all staff. The emergency drill will begin at 3:00 PM in the main lobby." What is the purpose of the announcement?

To inform staff of a meeting.
To notify staff of an actual emergency.
To remind staff about a training exercise. (Correct answer)
To request staff to report to the emergency room.

Correct answer: To remind staff about a training exercise.

The announcement explicitly mentions an "emergency drill," which is a planned practice or training exercise, not an actual emergency. Its purpose is to inform and remind staff about this upcoming scheduled event, ensuring they are prepared for the simulation.

Question 84: When writing a professional email to a colleague about a patient care concern, the nurse should:

Include only the minimum necessary patient identifiers and use a professional tone (Correct answer)
Avoid putting any clinical details in writing
Use casual language and abbreviations for speed
Copy all ward staff to ensure transparency

Correct answer: Include only the minimum necessary patient identifiers and use a professional tone

Professional written communication requires a formal tone, minimal necessary identifiers, and secure transmission to protect confidentiality.

Question 85: A newly arrived refugee patient is visibly anxious and unwilling to answer nursing assessment questions. The most appropriate initial nursing action is to:

Delegate the assessment to a social worker and step away
Create a calm, safe environment and explain the purpose of each question before asking it (Correct answer)
Assume the patient is uncooperative and document accordingly
Proceed with the assessment quickly to reduce the patient's waiting time

Correct answer: Create a calm, safe environment and explain the purpose of each question before asking it

Establishing psychological safety and explaining the reason for each question helps build trust with refugee patients who may have experienced trauma.

Question 86: A patient's chart allergy section lists: 'PCN — Anaphylaxis.' Which antibiotic should the nurse question before administration?

Azithromycin
Ampicillin (Correct answer)
Vancomycin
Ciprofloxacin

Correct answer: Ampicillin

Ampicillin is a penicillin-class antibiotic (PCN), and administering it to a patient with a documented PCN anaphylaxis allergy would be dangerous.

Question 87: A patient tells you they are afraid of needles. How should you respond?

"You’re being silly; it doesn’t hurt that much."
"This is routine. You’ll have to get used to it."
"If you’re scared, I can’t do it."
"Let’s take a deep breath together. I’ll do my best to make it quick and comfortable." (Correct answer)

Correct answer: "Let’s take a deep breath together. I’ll do my best to make it quick and comfortable."

This response shows empathy and provides reassurance, which is crucial when a patient expresses fear. It acknowledges their feelings, offers a coping mechanism (deep breath), and promises a considerate approach, building trust and reducing anxiety.

Question 88: This will provide the patient a realistic idea of how long the treatment, interview, etc. will take and let them know that you are working on the problem. (so they can make appropriate plans).

Level setting of expectations (Correct answer)
Set appropriate expectations
Examples of clarifying questions are:
Probing question

Correct answer: Level setting of expectations

Level setting of expectations means giving the patient a realistic sense of how long a process will take and confirming you are actively working on their issue. This is distinct from simply 'setting expectations' (which is more one-directional) and from probing or clarifying questions, which gather information rather than communicate timelines.

Question 89: You are reviewing a patient's medication administration record (MAR). Which of the following entries requires immediate clarification from the prescriber?

Tylenol 650 mg PO q4h PRN pain
Digoxin .125 mg PO daily. Hold for HR < 60. (Correct answer)
Furosemide 20 mg PO daily
Insulin Sliding Scale ac hs

Correct answer: Digoxin .125 mg PO daily. Hold for HR < 60.

The order 'Digoxin .125 mg PO daily. Hold for HR < 60.' contains a trailing zero and a leading decimal, which are on the 'Do Not Use' list of abbreviations by organizations like ISMP Canada to prevent medication errors. The correct way to write this is 'Digoxin 0.125 mg...'. The period before the number could be missed, leading to an overdose. The other orders use standard and safe abbreviations.

Question 90: In a CELBAN speaking scenario, a family member asks you for the patient's confidential diagnosis without the patient's consent present. The correct response is:

Tell the family member to wait in the hall and then share all details.
Refer them to the hospital website's privacy policy.
Share the information briefly since family members always have the right to know.
'I'm sorry, I can only discuss your family member's health information with their permission.' (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 'I'm sorry, I can only discuss your family member's health information with their permission.'

Patient confidentiality must be maintained; health information cannot be shared with family members without explicit patient consent.

Question 91: You hear a conversation: Doctor: "Did the patient have a reaction to the antibiotic?" Nurse: "No, the patient tolerated it well." What does this mean?

The patient did not have a reaction. (Correct answer)
The patient refused the antibiotic.
The patient had a severe reaction.
The patient had a mild reaction.

Correct answer: The patient did not have a reaction.

The phrase "tolerated it well" in a medical context means the patient experienced no adverse effects or discomfort from the treatment. It directly indicates a positive response without any negative reactions. Therefore, the patient did not have a reaction to the antibiotic.

Question 92: A patient is being discharged with instructions for wound care. The patient seems anxious and repeatedly asks questions about topics the nurse has already covered. What is the nurse's most appropriate initial response?

Acknowledge their concern and ask, "What part of the process is worrying you the most?" (Correct answer)
Tell the patient that all the information is in the printed handout.
Suggest that a family member perform the wound care instead.
Re-explain the entire process from the beginning more loudly.

Correct answer: Acknowledge their concern and ask, "What part of the process is worrying you the most?"

The patient's repetition likely stems from anxiety, which is a barrier to learning. By acknowledging their feelings and asking a focused, open-ended question, the nurse can identify the specific source of anxiety and address it directly. This is more effective than simply repeating information the patient is too anxious to absorb.

Question 93: In the CELBAN Speaking section, which grammar error most significantly reduces a candidate's score when it causes the listener to misunderstand the clinical message?

Mispronouncing a non-medical English word
Using incorrect verb tense that changes the clinical timeline (e.g., 'Patient bled' vs. 'Patient is bleeding') (Correct answer)
Occasionally omitting an article (a/the)
Making a minor subject-verb agreement error in a social phrase

Correct answer: Using incorrect verb tense that changes the clinical timeline (e.g., 'Patient bled' vs. 'Patient is bleeding')

Tense errors that alter the clinical timeline (past vs. present) can cause serious miscommunication about a patient's current condition, significantly impacting the score.

Question 94: A nurse uses the SBAR framework during a phone call. What does the 'A' stand for?

Advocacy
Assessment (Correct answer)
Alert
Action

Correct answer: Assessment

In SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation), 'A' stands for Assessment — the nurse's clinical interpretation of the patient's condition.

Question 95: A patient appears anxious before a procedure. Which therapeutic communication technique is MOST appropriate to use first?

Redirect the conversation to the procedure steps
Use open-ended questions to invite the patient to express concerns (Correct answer)
Give detailed statistics about procedure risks
Reassure the patient by saying 'Everything will be fine'

Correct answer: Use open-ended questions to invite the patient to express concerns

Open-ended questions encourage patients to verbalize fears, allowing the nurse to address specific concerns rather than making empty reassurances.

Question 96: You overhear a nurse giving discharge instructions to a patient who had knee surgery. The nurse says, 'Take one tablet of the pain medication every six hours as needed for pain. The antibiotic is different; you must take one tablet every eight hours, even if you feel fine, until the bottle is empty.' What is the most critical instruction regarding the antibiotic?

The full course must be completed, regardless of symptoms. (Correct answer)
The patient can stop taking it once the knee feels better.
It should be taken only when the patient feels pain.
It should be taken every six hours with the pain medication.

Correct answer: The full course must be completed, regardless of symptoms.

The correct answer is that the full course of antibiotics must be completed. The nurse explicitly states to take it 'until the bottle is empty' and 'even if you feel fine,' which emphasizes the importance of completing the entire prescribed course to prevent infection, a standard nursing instruction.

Question 97: Everyone knows that getting into bed early has a significant impact on our fitness. Researchers claim to have found the best time of day to go to bed. British researchers. The ideal bedtime, according to Biobank, is between 10 and 11 p.m. People who sleep between these hours are said to be less likely to develop heart disease. The researchers collected information on the sleeping habits of eighty thousand individuals six years ago. For seven days, the volunteers were required to wear a unique watch that allowed the researchers to record their sleeping and waking hours. The volunteers' level of fitness was then observed by the investigators. Approximately 3,000 volunteers experienced cardiac issues. They either went to bed before or after the "healthy" 10 o'clock or 11 o'clock period. Dr. David Plans, one of the study's authors, made observations about the effects of sleep patterns on heart health in his research. He said, "Although our study does not allow us to conclude on causality, the results suggest that early or late bedtimes may disrupt the body clock, with [negative] outcomes for cardiovascular fitness." However, he added, "Changing into is able to reduce the probability of seeing morning light, which resets the body clock." If our body clock isn't always reset correctly, we run the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Who does the article say knows that going to bed early is good for us?

students
volunteers
doctors
everyone (Correct answer)

Correct answer: everyone

The very first sentence of the article states: 'Everyone knows that getting into bed early has a significant impact on our fitness.' The word 'everyone' is a broad general claim, making it the correct answer. Doctors, students, and volunteers are specific groups mentioned later in the article but are not what the opening sentence refers to.

Question 98: A patient chart shows: 'Last bowel movement 4 days ago, abdomen firm and distended, patient reports bloating.' Which intervention would the nurse expect to implement based on these chart findings?

Initiate bowel care protocol, including laxative or enema as ordered (Correct answer)
Restrict oral fluid intake
Administer an antiemetic
Place a nasogastric tube

Correct answer: Initiate bowel care protocol, including laxative or enema as ordered

Four days without a bowel movement, abdominal distension, and firmness indicate constipation requiring bowel care interventions such as stool softeners, laxatives, or enemas.

Question 99: A nursing note states: 'Pt. A&O x 3.' What does this assessment finding indicate?

The patient has been assessed three separate times today
The patient is alert and oriented to person, place, and time (Correct answer)
The patient is ambulatory and oxygen-dependent for three hours
The patient is alert and has three active medical diagnoses

Correct answer: The patient is alert and oriented to person, place, and time

A&O x 3 means alert and oriented to three domains: person (who they are), place (where they are), and time (date/day).

Question 100: Which of the following best describes the purpose of an incident report from a quality improvement perspective?

To notify insurance companies of potential claims
To document evidence for legal proceedings only
To identify system failures and prevent future incidents (Correct answer)
To assign blame to the responsible staff member

Correct answer: To identify system failures and prevent future incidents

Incident reports are primarily quality improvement tools used to identify and address systemic vulnerabilities.

Canadian English Language Benchmark Assessment for Nurses (CELBAN)

CELBAN assesses the English language proficiency of internationally educated nurses (IENs) who wish to practice nursing in Canada.

100

Questions

180 min

Time Limit

70%

To Pass

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Exam Rules

You can skip questions and return to them later
Flag questions for review before submitting
No feedback shown until you submit the entire exam
Unanswered questions count as wrong — answer everything
10 pretest questions are mixed in and don't affect your score
Timer auto-submits when time runs out
Your progress is auto-saved every 30 seconds

These practice questions were written with AI tools. They are not real exam questions. Exam facts are checked against the official sources listed below. Not reviewed by a subject-matter expert. Editorial policy

Sources & references

Exam facts on this page (fees, format, dates, passing scores) are checked against these official sources; the date is our last check. Editorial policy

celbancentre.ca — Eligibility, score validity, retake policy, passing score, score release, test delivery, time limit, fees · verified Oct 2026