CEA Human Anatomy & Biomechanics 2

Question 1

Which spinal region has the greatest range of rotation (axial rotation)?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic spine

Answer

The thoracic spine allows the greatest axial rotation due to its rib cage attachment and facet joint orientation.

Question 2

The 'neutral spine' position in ergonomics refers to:

Accepted Answer

Preservation of the natural lordotic and kyphotic curves

Answer

Neutral spine preserves the natural S-curve of the spine, minimizing compressive and shear forces on intervertebral discs.

Question 3

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for maintaining upright posture against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Erector spinae

Answer

The erector spinae muscles run along the spine and continuously contract to counteract gravitational forward flexion.

Question 4

A worker repeatedly rotates the forearm so the palm faces upward. This motion is called:

Accepted Answer

Supination

Answer

Supination is the rotation of the forearm that turns the palm upward or anteriorly.

Question 5

Which joint type allows the greatest freedom of movement in multiple planes?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joints (like the hip and shoulder) allow movement in all three planes: flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and rotation.

(CEA) Certified Ergonomics Associate Practice Test