Dermatologic Conditions & Diseases Flashcards
7 cards from real CDT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Dermatologic Conditions & Diseases flashcards as text
A patient presents with well-demarcated, erythematous plaques covered with silvery-white scales on the elbows and knees. Which condition is most likely?
Answer: Psoriasis vulgaris
Psoriasis vulgaris characteristically presents with well-demarcated erythematous plaques with silvery-white scales on extensor surfaces like elbows and knees.
Which dermatophyte infection specifically affects the nails?
Answer: Onychomycosis
Onychomycosis is fungal infection of the nails, causing thickening, discoloration, and brittleness.
A 65-year-old with a history of sun exposure presents with a rough, scaly lesion on the face. Biopsy reveals atypical keratinocytes in the epidermis without invasion. What is the diagnosis?
Answer: Actinic keratosis
Actinic keratosis (solar keratosis) shows atypical keratinocytes confined to the epidermis, making it a precancerous lesion rather than frank carcinoma.
Which type of urticaria is caused by physical stimuli such as pressure, cold, or heat?
Answer: Physical urticaria
Physical urticaria is triggered by external physical stimuli including cold, heat, pressure, vibration, or exercise.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is best described as:
Answer: A severe mucocutaneous drug reaction with epidermal detachment affecting less than 10% BSA
SJS is a severe mucocutaneous hypersensitivity reaction, most often drug-induced, characterized by epidermal detachment involving less than 10% of body surface area.
A newborn presents with a large, superficial blister that ruptures easily, leaving a moist denuded area. Gram stain shows gram-positive cocci in clusters. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in neonates is caused by exfoliative toxins from Staphylococcus aureus, causing widespread superficial blistering and desquamation.
Which finding on dermoscopy is most associated with melanoma?
Answer: Atypical pigment network with regression structures
Atypical pigment network, regression structures (white scar-like areas or blue-gray peppering), and irregular streaks are key dermoscopic features of melanoma.