CDR Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition 2

Question 1

A patient receiving continuous enteral nutrition through a PEG tube develops diarrhea. Which intervention should be tried FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Slow the infusion rate and check for infectious causes

Answer

Switch to an elemental formula immediately

Answer

Discontinue enteral nutrition and start TPN

Answer

Add a fiber supplement to the formula

Question 2

Which amino acid becomes conditionally essential during severe metabolic stress such as critical illness or major surgery?

Accepted Answer

Glutamine

Answer

Alanine

Answer

Serine

Answer

Aspartate

Question 3

What is the recommended protein goal (g/kg/day) for a critically ill adult patient without renal failure receiving nutrition support?

Accepted Answer

1.2–2.0 g/kg/day

Answer

0.4–0.6 g/kg/day

Answer

0.8–1.0 g/kg/day

Answer

2.5–3.5 g/kg/day

Question 4

Which method of enteral nutrition delivery is most appropriate for a patient who cannot tolerate bolus feedings due to delayed gastric emptying?

Accepted Answer

Continuous infusion over 24 hours

Answer

Bolus feeding every 4 hours

Answer

Intermittent gravity drip feeding

Answer

Cyclic nocturnal feeding

Question 5

A TPN solution containing dextrose, amino acids, and lipids in a single bag is called:

Accepted Answer

Total nutrient admixture (TNA) or 3-in-1 solution

Answer

Piggyback solution

Answer

Standard dual-chamber bag

Answer

Hypertonic dextrose solution

Question 6

Which electrolyte must be added to parenteral nutrition formulations to prevent its deficiency-related complication of cardiac arrhythmias in patients who are NPO?

Accepted Answer

Potassium

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Magnesium

Question 7

What is the primary purpose of heparin added to parenteral nutrition solutions?

Accepted Answer

Reduce risk of catheter occlusion and thrombosis

Answer

Prevent bacterial growth in the solution

Answer

Stabilize lipid emulsion particles

Answer

Prevent hyperglycemia