CDP CDP DevOps Culture & Agile Practices 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: In DevOps, what is 'mean time to recovery' (MTTR) a measure of?
- The average time to restore a service after a failure (Correct answer)
- The average time between two consecutive failures
- The percentage of time a system is operational
- The average time to detect a production incident
Correct answer: The average time to restore a service after a failure
MTTR measures the average time it takes to restore a system or service to normal operation after a failure occurs.
Question 2: Which Agile framework organizes work into fixed-length iterations called sprints, typically 1-4 weeks?
- Scrum (Correct answer)
- Kanban
- SAFe
- Extreme Programming (XP)
Correct answer: Scrum
Scrum uses time-boxed sprints with defined ceremonies (planning, daily standup, review, retrospective) to deliver incremental value.
Question 3: What is the purpose of a 'Definition of Done' (DoD) in Agile DevOps teams?
- A shared checklist of criteria that must be met before a work item is considered complete (Correct answer)
- A document listing all user stories in the backlog
- A deployment checklist for releasing software to production
- A contract between the team and product owner defining deliverables
Correct answer: A shared checklist of criteria that must be met before a work item is considered complete
The Definition of Done is a shared agreement on all conditions — coding, testing, documentation — that must be satisfied before a story is marked complete.
Question 4: Which DevOps concept involves progressively routing a small percentage of production traffic to a new version before a full rollout?
- Canary deployment (Correct answer)
- Blue-green deployment
- Rolling update
- Feature flag
Correct answer: Canary deployment
A canary deployment sends a small fraction of real traffic to the new version to validate it before gradually increasing the rollout.
Question 5: What does 'infrastructure immutability' mean in modern DevOps practices?
- Servers are never modified in place; instead, new instances replace old ones (Correct answer)
- Infrastructure configurations are stored in read-only files
- Only operations teams are allowed to change infrastructure
- Infrastructure is provisioned once and never scaled
Correct answer: Servers are never modified in place; instead, new instances replace old ones
Immutable infrastructure means that once a server or container is deployed, it is never patched or modified; any change requires deploying a new instance.
Question 6: Which practice involves development teams deploying small, frequent code changes to production multiple times per day?
- Continuous Deployment (Correct answer)
- Continuous Integration
- Feature branching
- Trunk-based development
Correct answer: Continuous Deployment
Continuous Deployment automatically releases every code change that passes all pipeline stages directly to production without manual approval.
CDP CDP DevOps Culture & Agile Practices 2
In DevOps, what is 'mean time to recovery' (MTTR) a measure of?