CDN Pharmacology & Drug-Nutrient Interactions 2

Question 1

Absorption of levothyroxine is significantly decreased when the medication is taken concurrently with which mineral supplement?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Phosphorus

Question 2

Long-term corticosteroid therapy increases the risk of deficiency in which combination of nutrients, contributing to osteoporosis risk?

Accepted Answer

Calcium and Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamins A and E

Answer

Iron and Folate

Answer

Zinc and Copper

Question 3

High-dose niacin supplementation used to raise HDL cholesterol requires monitoring for which serious adverse effect?

Accepted Answer

Hepatotoxicity

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Renal failure

Answer

Aplastic anemia

Question 4

Chronic use of the anticonvulsant phenytoin (Dilantin) is associated with decreased levels of which nutrient due to impaired absorption and accelerated catabolism?

Accepted Answer

Folate

Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin C

Question 5

Which herbal supplement is known to induce CYP450 enzymes, potentially reducing the effectiveness of oral contraceptives and other medications?

Accepted Answer

St. John's Wort

Answer

Echinacea

Answer

Valerian

Answer

Ginkgo biloba

Question 6

Bile acid sequestrants such as cholestyramine can impair absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin NOT affected by this mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin K

Question 7

Loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide) and thiazide diuretics frequently cause depletion of which electrolyte, potentially leading to cardiac arrhythmias?

Accepted Answer

Potassium

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Chloride

Answer

Bicarbonate