CDN Water Treatment and Dialysis Equipment 3

Question 1

Why must the dialysate temperature be maintained between 35°C and 37°C during hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

To prevent hemolysis and maintain cardiovascular stability

Answer

To increase solute clearance

Answer

To reduce heparin requirement

Answer

To improve dialyzer membrane efficiency

Question 2

What is the function of the bicarbonate cartridge in a bicarbonate dialysate delivery system?

Accepted Answer

Provide the bicarbonate concentrate dissolved by proportioning water

Answer

Neutralize acidic dialysate

Answer

Remove excess carbon dioxide from dialysate

Answer

Buffer the acid concentrate

Question 3

What problem occurs when calcium or magnesium precipitates out of dialysate concentrate?

Accepted Answer

Scale buildup in tubing that can contaminate dialysate and clog proportioning systems

Answer

Increased dialyzer clearance

Answer

Improved biocompatibility

Answer

Reduced endotoxin load

Question 4

What is the significance of monitoring the pressure differential across the RO membrane?

Accepted Answer

Indicates membrane fouling or scaling when differential increases beyond normal

Answer

Detects air in the water system

Answer

Measures water temperature

Answer

Determines chlorine levels

Question 5

A dialysis patient develops sudden fever, chills, and hypotension during treatment. After ruling out sepsis from access, what water-related contamination should be suspected?

Accepted Answer

Endotoxin contamination of dialysate causing pyrogenic reaction

Answer

High calcium in dialysate

Answer

Low bicarbonate in dialysate

Answer

Chlorine breakthrough

Question 6

How frequently must dialysis machines be disinfected according to standard infection control practice?

Accepted Answer

After every patient treatment

Answer

Once weekly

Answer

Monthly

Answer

Daily at end of shift only