CDN Complications and Emergency Management 3

Question 1

Which vital sign change during hemodialysis should prompt the nurse to assess for hypovolemia first?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure drop of more than 20 mmHg systolic

Answer

Temperature increase of 0.5°C

Answer

Respiratory rate of 18 breaths/minute

Answer

Heart rate of 78 beats/minute

Question 2

What is the most common infectious complication in hemodialysis patients?

Accepted Answer

Vascular access-related bloodstream infection (VRBI)

Answer

Urinary tract infection

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Peritonitis

Question 3

A patient on dialysis is found unresponsive with a blood glucose of 38 mg/dL. After administering glucose, what additional assessment is critical?

Accepted Answer

Evaluate dialysate glucose concentration and assess medication regimen for hypoglycemic agents

Answer

Check dialyzer membrane integrity

Answer

Increase heparin dosing

Answer

Assess for air embolism

Question 4

What is the primary goal of emergency ultrafiltration in a dialysis patient presenting with acute pulmonary edema?

Accepted Answer

Rapidly remove excess fluid to relieve respiratory compromise

Answer

Correct metabolic acidosis

Answer

Lower serum potassium

Answer

Improve dialysis adequacy Kt/V

Question 5

Which cardiovascular complication is the leading cause of death in hemodialysis patients?

Accepted Answer

Sudden cardiac death and cardiovascular disease

Answer

Stroke

Answer

Pulmonary embolism

Answer

Peripheral arterial disease

Question 6

A dialysis patient collapses immediately after leaving the unit post-treatment. Emergency responders find ventricular fibrillation. What is the most likely contributing factor?

Accepted Answer

Post-dialysis rebound hyperkalemia combined with post-treatment hemodynamic instability

Answer

Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome

Answer

Hypoglycemia from glucose-free dialysate

Answer

Hypocalcemia from calcium-free dialysate