CDE Complications 5

Question 1

A diabetic patient undergoes a below-knee amputation. What is the most common precipitating factor leading to lower-extremity amputation in diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Infected foot ulcer with osteomyelitis

Answer

The most common pathway to lower-extremity amputation in diabetes is an infected foot ulcer complicated by osteomyelitis or gangrene.

Question 2

Which test is recommended to assess for microalbuminuria in diabetes screening?

Accepted Answer

Spot urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)

Answer

The spot urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) is the preferred screening test for early diabetic kidney disease due to convenience and accuracy.

Question 3

What defines the transition from microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria in diabetic nephropathy?

Accepted Answer

UACR > 300 mg/g on two of three samples

Answer

Macroalbuminuria (overt nephropathy) is defined as UACR >300 mg/g (or >300 mg albumin/24 hours) confirmed on two of three samples.

Question 4

A patient with diabetes reports sudden onset of double vision and ptosis of one eye with the pupil spared. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Diabetic cranial mononeuropathy (CN III palsy)

Answer

Diabetic cranial nerve III palsy causes sudden diplopia and ptosis with pupil sparing, distinguishing it from an aneurysmal CN III palsy.

Question 5

Which intervention has the strongest evidence for preventing progression from microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Intensive glycemic control and blood pressure management with ACE inhibitors

Answer

Intensive glucose control combined with blood pressure management using ACE inhibitors or ARBs is the most evidence-based intervention to slow nephropathy progression.

Certified Diabetes Educator Test Practice Test

Certified Diabetes Educator Test Practice Test

CDE Complications 5