CDCES Pharmacology Fundamentals 2

Question 1

A patient with type 2 diabetes is started on a SGLT-2 inhibitor. Which serious adverse effect requires patient education?

Accepted Answer

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer

Hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy

Answer

Severe constipation

Answer

Peripheral neuropathy

Question 2

Which insulin has the longest duration of action and is used for basal coverage?

Accepted Answer

Insulin glargine U-300

Answer

Regular insulin

Answer

NPH insulin

Answer

Insulin lispro

Question 3

A GLP-1 receptor agonist is prescribed for a patient with type 2 diabetes. What is an important contraindication to consider?

Accepted Answer

Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma

Answer

Renal impairment with eGFR <30

Answer

Hepatic impairment

Answer

Allergy to sulfonamides

Question 4

Which oral antidiabetic agent works by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, thereby increasing incretin levels?

Accepted Answer

Sitagliptin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Acarbose

Answer

Pioglitazone

Question 5

A patient on metformin develops lactic acidosis risk when scheduled for a procedure requiring which type of contrast?

Accepted Answer

Iodinated intravenous contrast

Answer

MRI gadolinium contrast

Answer

Barium sulfate oral contrast

Answer

Ultrasound contrast agents

Question 6

Which thiazolidinedione (TZD) was withdrawn from the US market due to cardiovascular safety concerns?

Accepted Answer

Rosiglitazone

Answer

Pioglitazone

Answer

Troglitazone

Answer

Ciglitazone

Question 7

When educating a patient about alpha-glucosidase inhibitors like acarbose, what should be used to treat hypoglycemia if it occurs with concurrent sulfonylurea use?

Accepted Answer

Glucose tablets or gel

Answer

Orange juice

Answer

Candy bars

Answer

Milk