CDC Pharmacology & Medication Management 3

Question 1

A patient taking metformin requires IV contrast for imaging. Which dental sedation drug class requires the most caution due to lactic acidosis risk when combined with contrast?

Accepted Answer

Benzodiazepines

Answer

While metformin-contrast interaction is the primary concern, benzodiazepines used in sedation can mask early lactic acidosis symptoms, complicating monitoring.

Question 2

What is the reversal agent for benzodiazepine-induced respiratory depression in dental sedation emergencies?

Accepted Answer

Flumazenil

Answer

Flumazenil is a competitive benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that rapidly reverses sedation and respiratory depression caused by benzodiazepines.

Question 3

Which drug is used to manage methemoglobinemia caused by excessive prilocaine administration?

Accepted Answer

Methylene blue

Answer

Methylene blue reduces methemoglobin back to functional hemoglobin by acting as an electron donor in the NADPH pathway.

Question 4

A patient on chronic corticosteroid therapy requires oral surgery. Which perioperative management concern is MOST relevant?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal insufficiency

Answer

Chronic corticosteroid use suppresses the HPA axis, placing patients at risk for adrenal crisis under surgical stress; steroid supplementation may be needed.

Question 5

Which antifungal drug used to treat oral candidiasis is known to significantly inhibit CYP3A4 and increase levels of many co-administered drugs?

Accepted Answer

Fluconazole

Answer

Fluconazole is a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor that can markedly elevate plasma concentrations of drugs like warfarin, benzodiazepines, and statins.

(CDC) Certified Dental Coder Practice Test

(CDC) Certified Dental Coder Practice Test

CDC Pharmacology & Medication Management 3