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Pharmacology & Medication Management Flashcards

7 cards from real CDC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Pharmacology & Medication Management flashcards as text

  1. A patient taking metformin requires IV contrast for imaging. Which dental sedation drug class requires the most caution due to lactic acidosis risk when combined with contrast?

    Answer: Benzodiazepines

    While metformin-contrast interaction is the primary concern, benzodiazepines used in sedation can mask early lactic acidosis symptoms, complicating monitoring.

  2. What is the reversal agent for benzodiazepine-induced respiratory depression in dental sedation emergencies?

    Answer: Flumazenil

    Flumazenil is a competitive benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that rapidly reverses sedation and respiratory depression caused by benzodiazepines.

  3. Which drug is used to manage methemoglobinemia caused by excessive prilocaine administration?

    Answer: Methylene blue

    Methylene blue reduces methemoglobin back to functional hemoglobin by acting as an electron donor in the NADPH pathway.

  4. A patient on chronic corticosteroid therapy requires oral surgery. Which perioperative management concern is MOST relevant?

    Answer: Adrenal insufficiency

    Chronic corticosteroid use suppresses the HPA axis, placing patients at risk for adrenal crisis under surgical stress; steroid supplementation may be needed.

  5. Which antifungal drug used to treat oral candidiasis is known to significantly inhibit CYP3A4 and increase levels of many co-administered drugs?

    Answer: Fluconazole

    Fluconazole is a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor that can markedly elevate plasma concentrations of drugs like warfarin, benzodiazepines, and statins.

  6. What is the maximum safe daily dose of acetaminophen for a healthy adult patient to avoid hepatotoxicity?

    Answer: 4,000 mg

    The FDA recommends a maximum daily dose of 4,000 mg acetaminophen for healthy adults, though 3,000 mg is preferred for elderly or at-risk patients.

  7. Which local anesthetic is CONTRAINDICATED in patients with a hereditary condition causing abnormal plasma cholinesterase (pseudocholinesterase deficiency)?

    Answer: Benzocaine

    Benzocaine is an ester-type local anesthetic metabolized by plasma cholinesterase; patients with pseudocholinesterase deficiency cannot break it down effectively, leading to toxicity.