CCTST Logical Fallacies 4

Question 1

"After I started wearing my lucky socks, our team won five games in a row. My socks must cause wins." What fallacy is this?

Accepted Answer

Post hoc ergo propter hoc

Answer

Post hoc ergo propter hoc assumes that because B followed A, A caused B, without establishing an actual causal link.

Question 2

Comparing a government's economic policy to a household budget to argue that governments must avoid debt is an example of:

Accepted Answer

False analogy

Answer

False analogy draws a comparison between two things that are not sufficiently similar in the relevant respects.

Question 3

A CEO states: 'Either you support this merger or you don't care about the company's future.' Employees who oppose the merger for legitimate reasons are victims of which fallacy?

Accepted Answer

False dilemma

Answer

False dilemma restricts options to two extremes, ignoring that opposition to the merger could coexist with caring about the company.

Question 4

"My doctor said vaccines are dangerous, so they must be." Which fallacy best describes over-reliance on this single source?

Accepted Answer

Appeal to authority

Answer

Appeal to authority becomes fallacious when citing an authority outside their expertise area or using one authority against broad scientific consensus.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an informal logical fallacy?

Accepted Answer

Affirming the consequent

Answer

Affirming the consequent is a formal (structural) fallacy, while ad hominem, slippery slope, and straw man are informal fallacies.

(CCTST) California Critical Thinking Skills Test Practice Test

(CCTST) California Critical Thinking Skills Test Practice Test

CCTST Logical Fallacies 4