CCTN Transplant Immunology and Rejection 3

Question 1

Which blood group compatibility rule is universally applied in solid organ transplantation?

Accepted Answer

ABO blood group compatibility between donor and recipient is required

Answer

Donor and recipient must share the same Rh factor

Answer

Only HLA matching is required, not ABO

Answer

Blood type is irrelevant in deceased donor transplants

Question 2

What is the significance of a positive cross-match in transplantation?

Accepted Answer

It indicates preformed antibodies that may cause rejection and is a contraindication

Answer

It indicates a good match and transplant should proceed

Answer

It only affects kidney transplants

Answer

It predicts long-term graft survival

Question 3

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play what role in transplant immunology?

Accepted Answer

They suppress immune responses and may promote graft tolerance

Answer

They promote rejection by activating cytotoxic T cells

Answer

They produce donor-specific antibodies

Answer

They activate the complement cascade

Question 4

Which class of HLA antigens is most important in kidney transplant matching?

Accepted Answer

HLA-DR

Answer

HLA-A only

Answer

HLA-B only

Answer

HLA-C

Question 5

Which term describes the production of donor-specific antibodies after transplantation that were not present before the procedure?

Accepted Answer

De novo donor-specific antibody formation

Answer

Primary sensitization

Answer

Allorecognition

Answer

Passive immunity

Question 6

Which immunosuppressant works by blocking the costimulatory signal required for T-cell activation?

Accepted Answer

Belatacept

Answer

Tacrolimus

Answer

Mycophenolate mofetil

Answer

Prednisone