CCT Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology 3

Question 1

During isovolumetric contraction, which of the following best describes the state of the heart valves?

Accepted Answer

All valves closed

Answer

During isovolumetric contraction, all four valves are closed as ventricular pressure rises but has not yet exceeded aortic or pulmonary pressure to open semilunar valves.

Question 2

The left circumflex artery (LCx) most commonly supplies which region of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Lateral wall of the left ventricle

Answer

The left circumflex artery runs in the left atrioventricular groove and primarily supplies the lateral wall of the left ventricle and the left atrium.

Question 3

What does the term 'preload' refer to in cardiac physiology?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular wall tension at end-diastole

Answer

Preload refers to the ventricular wall tension (stretch) at end-diastole, which is determined by end-diastolic volume and reflects the degree of myocardial fiber stretch before contraction.

Question 4

Which structure separates the right and left ventricles?

Accepted Answer

Interventricular septum

Answer

The interventricular septum is a thick muscular wall that divides the left and right ventricles and contributes significantly to left ventricular pumping function.

Question 5

What is the primary pacemaker of the heart under normal conditions?

Accepted Answer

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Answer

The SA node, located in the right atrium near the superior vena cava, spontaneously depolarizes at the fastest intrinsic rate (~60–100 bpm) and serves as the heart's primary pacemaker.

(CCT) Certified Cardiac Technician Practice Test

(CCT) Certified Cardiac Technician Practice Test

CCT Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology 3