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Construction Materials & Labor Costs Flashcards

7 cards from real CCT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Construction Materials & Labor Costs flashcards as text
  1. In the context of labor productivity, what does an 'all-in rate' for a construction worker represent?

    Answer: Base wage plus all burdens including taxes, insurance, and fringe benefits

    The all-in rate captures total employer cost per hour including base wage, payroll taxes, insurance, and benefits.

  2. Which factor most significantly causes material quantity 'waste allowances' to vary between different materials on a construction project?

    Answer: Material form, cutting requirements, and installation method

    Waste allowances depend on how a material is shaped, cut, and placed; for example, tile requires more waste than pipe due to cuts at edges.

  3. A prevailing wage requirement on a public project primarily affects which component of the cost estimate?

    Answer: Labor cost per hour for covered trades

    Prevailing wage laws (e.g., Davis-Bacon Act) set minimum wage and fringe rates for labor on covered public construction projects.

  4. Ready-mix concrete is typically sold in the US in which unit?

    Answer: Cubic yards

    Ready-mix concrete is ordered, delivered, and priced per cubic yard in standard US construction practice.

  5. Which of the following best describes 'open-shop' versus 'union-shop' labor cost implications for a cost estimator?

    Answer: Union labor typically has higher all-in rates but may offer standardized fringes; open-shop rates vary regionally

    Union all-in rates include negotiated fringes and are set by collective bargaining agreements, while open-shop rates vary by region and employer.

  6. Rebar (reinforcing steel) is measured and priced in construction estimates primarily by which unit?

    Answer: Pounds or tons

    Reinforcing steel is quantified by weight (pounds or tons) because bar sizes have varying weights per linear foot.

  7. A productivity factor of 0.75 applied to a standard labor output rate means the crew will accomplish what percentage of the standard daily output?

    Answer: 75% of standard output

    A productivity factor of 0.75 means the crew achieves 75% of the baseline output due to site conditions or other inefficiencies.