CCS Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology 2

Question 1

Which layer of the heart wall contains the Purkinje fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endocardium

Answer

Purkinje fibers are specialized conduction cells located in the subendocardial layer of the endocardium.

Question 2

The coronary sinus drains deoxygenated blood from the myocardium into which cardiac chamber?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium

Answer

The coronary sinus empties venous blood from the coronary circulation directly into the right atrium.

Question 3

What is the normal range for left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP)?

Accepted Answer

6–12 mmHg

Answer

Normal LVEDP is approximately 6–12 mmHg, reflecting left ventricular filling pressure.

Question 4

Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

Accepted Answer

Mitral valve

Answer

The mitral (bicuspid) valve is the atrioventricular valve on the left side of the heart.

Question 5

The 'a' wave on a jugular venous pulse (JVP) tracing corresponds to which event?

Accepted Answer

Atrial contraction

Answer

The 'a' wave reflects the rise in atrial pressure caused by atrial contraction at end-diastole.

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