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Nutrition & Health Flashcards

7 cards from real CCS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Nutrition & Health flashcards as text

  1. Which type of dietary fat is associated with raising both LDL and HDL cholesterol in the bloodstream?

    Answer: Saturated fat

    Saturated fats raise LDL ('bad') cholesterol but also modestly raise HDL ('good') cholesterol, distinguishing them from trans fats which lower HDL.

  2. The PDCAAS (Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score) evaluates protein quality based on which two factors?

    Answer: Amino acid profile relative to human needs and digestibility

    PDCAAS scores protein quality by comparing its amino acid profile to human requirements and adjusting for the protein's true fecal digestibility.

  3. Which B vitamin is essential for one-carbon metabolism and its deficiency during pregnancy increases the risk of neural tube defects?

    Answer: Folate (B9)

    Folate (vitamin B9) is critical for DNA synthesis and cell division; periconceptional deficiency significantly increases neural tube defect risk.

  4. In food labeling under FDA regulations, which nutrient is listed under 'Total Fat' on the Nutrition Facts panel?

    Answer: Saturated fat and trans fat

    FDA regulations require that saturated fat and trans fat be listed as sub-components under Total Fat on the Nutrition Facts panel.

  5. Which condition results from consuming excess preformed vitamin A over time?

    Answer: Hypervitaminosis A (toxicity)

    Unlike beta-carotene, excess preformed vitamin A (retinol) accumulates in the liver and can cause hypervitaminosis A, leading to bone pain, liver damage, and teratogenicity.

  6. Resistant starch is nutritionally significant because it functions similarly to which dietary component?

    Answer: Soluble dietary fiber

    Resistant starch escapes digestion in the small intestine and is fermented by colonic bacteria, functioning like soluble fiber to support gut health and glycemic control.

  7. A food scientist is evaluating a health claim linking oats and reduced heart disease risk. Under FDA regulations, this type of claim is classified as a:

    Answer: Authorized health claim

    The oat beta-glucan and cardiovascular disease claim is an FDA-authorized health claim, backed by significant scientific agreement and formally approved for use on food labels.