Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
7 cards from real CCS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology flashcards as text
The sinoatrial (SA) node is normally supplied by a branch of which coronary artery in approximately 60% of individuals?
Answer: Right coronary artery
In about 60% of individuals, the SA nodal artery arises from the right coronary artery (RCA).
Which phase of the cardiac cycle is associated with the highest myocardial oxygen consumption?
Answer: Isovolumetric contraction
Isovolumetric contraction generates maximum wall tension and consumes the most myocardial oxygen.
The P-R interval on an ECG represents conduction through which structures?
Answer: Atria, AV node, and bundle of His
The PR interval reflects atrial depolarization and conduction delay through the AV node and bundle of His.
Which papillary muscle is most vulnerable to ischemia following an inferior myocardial infarction?
Answer: Posterior medial papillary muscle
The posteromedial papillary muscle has a single blood supply (usually from the RCA), making it more susceptible to ischemic rupture.
What is the approximate normal cardiac output at rest in a healthy adult?
Answer: 5–6 L/min
Normal resting cardiac output is approximately 5–6 L/min, representing heart rate multiplied by stroke volume.
The tricuspid valve is anchored to the right ventricular wall via:
Answer: Papillary muscles and chordae tendineae
The tricuspid valve leaflets are tethered by chordae tendineae attached to papillary muscles, preventing leaflet prolapse during systole.
During ventricular diastole, coronary artery perfusion pressure is primarily determined by:
Answer: Diastolic aortic pressure minus LVEDP
Left coronary perfusion occurs mainly in diastole and is driven by the gradient between diastolic aortic pressure and LVEDP.