CCP Programming Concepts & Application Development 3

Question 1

What does the term 'coupling' refer to in software design?

Accepted Answer

The degree of interdependence between software modules

Answer

Coupling refers to how much one module depends on another; low coupling is preferred for maintainable, modular designs.

Question 2

Which data structure operates on a Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

A stack follows LIFO — the last element pushed onto the stack is the first one to be popped off.

Question 3

In version control with Git, what does a 'merge conflict' indicate?

Accepted Answer

Two branches have incompatible changes to the same file region

Answer

A merge conflict occurs when Git cannot automatically reconcile differences because two branches changed the same part of a file differently.

Question 4

What is the purpose of a 'garbage collector' in programming languages like Java or C#?

Accepted Answer

To automatically reclaim memory occupied by objects no longer in use

Answer

A garbage collector automatically manages memory by identifying and freeing memory that is no longer referenced by the program.

Question 5

Which principle of software design states that a class should have only one reason to change?

Accepted Answer

Single Responsibility Principle

Answer

The Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) states that a class should have only one job or reason to change, promoting cohesion.

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