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TCP/IP & OSI Model Layers Flashcards

7 cards from real CCP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which OSI layer is responsible for end-to-end error detection and flow control between two hosts?

    Answer: Transport layer

    The Transport layer (Layer 4) provides end-to-end error detection, flow control, and reliable data delivery between hosts.

  2. In the TCP three-way handshake, what is the correct sequence of messages?

    Answer: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK

    The TCP three-way handshake follows SYN → SYN-ACK → ACK to establish a reliable connection.

  3. What does the TTL field in an IP packet header primarily control?

    Answer: Maximum number of router hops before discard

    TTL (Time To Live) is decremented by each router; when it reaches zero the packet is discarded, preventing infinite routing loops.

  4. Which TCP/IP layer corresponds to both the OSI Data Link and Physical layers?

    Answer: Network Access layer

    The TCP/IP Network Access (Link) layer encompasses the functions of both the OSI Physical and Data Link layers.

  5. A router operates at which OSI layer to make forwarding decisions?

    Answer: Layer 3 – Network

    Routers operate at Layer 3 (Network) and use IP addresses in packet headers to make forwarding decisions.

  6. What is the maximum segment size (MSS) negotiated during?

    Answer: TCP connection establishment

    MSS is negotiated in the SYN and SYN-ACK segments during TCP connection establishment to avoid IP fragmentation.

  7. Which protocol at the Internet layer resolves a known IP address to a MAC address on a local network?

    Answer: ARP

    ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) broadcasts a request on the local segment to discover the MAC address corresponding to an IP address.