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Relational & NoSQL Database Design Flashcards

7 cards from real CCP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Relational & NoSQL Database Design flashcards as text

  1. Which database design pattern involves storing JSON or XML documents within a relational column to handle semi-structured data?

    Answer: Hybrid storage (JSON column)

    Modern relational databases like PostgreSQL and MySQL support JSON column types that allow semi-structured document storage while retaining relational capabilities.

  2. What is the primary purpose of the EXPLAIN command in SQL?

    Answer: To show the query execution plan chosen by the optimizer

    EXPLAIN (or EXPLAIN ANALYZE) displays the execution plan the query optimizer selects, helping developers identify performance bottlenecks and optimize queries.

  3. In a column-family NoSQL database like HBase, data is organized into:

    Answer: Rows identified by a row key, grouped into column families

    Column-family databases group related columns into column families, allowing efficient retrieval of all columns in a family for a given row key.

  4. Which isolation level prevents dirty reads but still allows non-repeatable reads in SQL transactions?

    Answer: Read Committed

    Read Committed prevents dirty reads by only allowing reads of committed data, but the same row can return different values if re-read within the same transaction.

  5. What does sharding accomplish in a NoSQL or distributed database context?

    Answer: Horizontally partitions data across multiple nodes to distribute load

    Sharding splits a large dataset into smaller partitions (shards) distributed across multiple nodes, enabling horizontal scaling and parallel query execution.

  6. Which SQL aggregate function returns the number of rows that satisfy a condition, excluding NULL values?

    Answer: COUNT(column)

    COUNT(column) counts only non-NULL values in the specified column, whereas COUNT(*) counts all rows including those with NULLs.

  7. Which concept describes the practice of splitting a single large table into smaller tables based on column groups to improve I/O performance?

    Answer: Vertical partitioning

    Vertical partitioning splits a table by columns, keeping frequently accessed columns in one table and rarely accessed columns in another to reduce I/O per query.