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Solar, Wind & Storage Technologies Flashcards

7 cards from real CCP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Solar, Wind & Storage Technologies flashcards as text

  1. Under the US Investment Tax Credit (ITC), what percentage credit can a utility-scale solar project currently claim under the Inflation Reduction Act baseline?

    Answer: 30%

    The Inflation Reduction Act restored and extended the ITC at a 30% baseline rate for solar projects meeting prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements.

  2. What is 'agrivoltaics'?

    Answer: Co-locating solar panels with crops or livestock on the same land

    Agrivoltaics (or agri-PV) integrates solar panels with agricultural production on the same land, which can reduce crop water stress while generating clean energy.

  3. What is the Betz limit, and what value does it specify?

    Answer: Maximum fraction of wind kinetic energy a turbine can theoretically extract; 59.3%

    The Betz limit (59.3%) is the theoretical maximum fraction of kinetic energy a wind turbine can extract from free-flowing air, derived from conservation of mass and momentum.

  4. Which storage technology is best suited for very long-duration (100+ hours) seasonal energy storage?

    Answer: Hydrogen stored as gas or liquid

    Hydrogen (produced via electrolysis and stored as compressed gas or liquid) can hold energy for months, making it suitable for seasonal storage where batteries are cost-prohibitive.

  5. In offshore wind development, what is a 'Power Purchase Agreement' (PPA) price guarantee important for?

    Answer: Providing revenue certainty to secure project financing

    PPAs lock in a long-term fixed electricity price, reducing revenue uncertainty and enabling project developers to secure non-recourse debt financing from lenders.

  6. What is 'wake effect' in the context of a wind farm?

    Answer: Turbulent air left by upstream turbines that reduces energy capture of downwind turbines

    Wake effects occur when upstream turbines extract energy from the wind and leave turbulent, slower-moving air that reduces power output of downstream turbines by 5–20%.

  7. What distinguishes a 'virtual power plant' (VPP) from a traditional peaker plant?

    Answer: VPPs aggregate distributed energy resources (solar, batteries, EVs) and dispatch them as a coordinated unit

    A VPP uses software to aggregate and coordinate thousands of distributed assets—rooftop solar, home batteries, and EV chargers—into a single dispatchable resource that can serve grid needs.