Invasive Catheterization Procedures Flashcards
7 cards from real CCI practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Invasive Catheterization Procedures flashcards as text
What is the 'pullback' technique used for during hemodynamic assessment of aortic stenosis?
Answer: Measuring the pressure gradient across the aortic valve as the catheter is pulled from the LV to the ascending aorta
The pullback technique records the pressure gradient across the aortic valve by continuously recording pressure as the catheter is withdrawn from the LV into the ascending aorta.
Which of the following correctly identifies the 'v wave' on the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure tracing?
Answer: Passive ventricular filling of the left atrium during ventricular systole with mitral valve closed
The v wave represents passive filling of the left atrium during ventricular systole while the mitral valve is closed; a large v wave suggests mitral regurgitation.
What is the recommended anticoagulation regimen during a diagnostic-only left heart catheterization via the femoral approach?
Answer: No heparin is required for diagnostic catheterization alone
Routine anticoagulation is generally not required for diagnostic-only coronary angiography; heparin is added if the procedure converts to an interventional case.
A patient has a measured Qp:Qs ratio of 2.5:1. How should this be interpreted?
Answer: A left-to-right shunt with pulmonary blood flow 2.5 times systemic flow
A Qp:Qs ratio of 2.5:1 indicates a significant left-to-right shunt where pulmonary blood flow is 2.5 times systemic blood flow, typically warranting intervention.
What is the primary advantage of using isosmolar contrast media (e.g., iodixanol) over low-osmolar contrast media during cardiac catheterization?
Answer: Reduced nephrotoxicity in high-risk patients with chronic kidney disease
Isosmolar contrast agents like iodixanol have the lowest nephrotoxic potential, making them preferred in patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease or high contrast-induced nephropathy risk.
During coronary angiography, the left anterior descending artery is best visualized in which projection to assess the mid-vessel without foreshortening?
Answer: RAO cranial projection
The RAO cranial projection optimally profiles the mid-LAD by elongating the vessel and separating it from overlapping diagonal branches.
What hemodynamic pattern is characteristic of cardiac tamponade?
Answer: Elevated and equalized diastolic pressures in all four cardiac chambers
Cardiac tamponade causes equalization of diastolic pressures (RAP = RV diastolic = PAD = PCWP) due to extrinsic pericardial compression restricting all chambers equally.