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Echocardiography Techniques and Applications Flashcards

6 cards from real CCI practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which echocardiographic finding is characteristic of cardiac tamponade?

    Answer: Right ventricular diastolic collapse and respiratory variation in mitral inflow >25%

    Cardiac tamponade produces RV diastolic collapse, RA systolic collapse, and >25% respiratory variation in mitral inflow velocity due to elevated pericardial pressure.

  2. What is the normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) range according to American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) guidelines?

    Answer: ≥55%

    ASE guidelines define normal LVEF as ≥55%, with mildly reduced EF at 41–54%, moderately reduced at 30–40%, and severely reduced at <30%.

  3. In two-dimensional echocardiography, which method of calculating LVEF traces the endocardial border in two orthogonal apical views?

    Answer: Simpson's biplane method of discs

    Simpson's biplane method of discs traces the endocardial border in the apical four-chamber and two-chamber views to calculate LV volumes and ejection fraction.

  4. Which finding on echocardiography is most consistent with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)?

    Answer: Asymmetric septal hypertrophy with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve

    HOCM is characterized by asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) and systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve, which causes dynamic LVOT obstruction.

  5. What is the primary advantage of harmonic imaging over fundamental imaging in echocardiography?

    Answer: Reduced side lobe artifacts and improved endocardial border definition

    Harmonic imaging uses the second harmonic frequency generated by tissue, reducing near-field artifacts and side lobes to improve endocardial border visualization.

  6. During stress echocardiography, which new wall motion abnormality at peak stress is most indicative of significant coronary artery disease?

    Answer: Stress-induced hypokinesis or akinesis in a coronary territory

    New stress-induced regional wall motion abnormality (hypokinesis or akinesis) in a coronary distribution indicates myocardial ischemia due to significant CAD.