Fluency and Voice Disorders Flashcards

Unilateral vocal fold paralysis most commonly results in which vocal symptom?

Answer: Breathy, weak voice with reduced projection

Unilateral paralysis prevents complete glottic closure, resulting in a breathy, weak voice with air escape and reduced loudness.

Which surgical procedure involves injecting material into a paralyzed vocal fold to improve glottic closure?

Answer: Vocal fold augmentation injection

Vocal fold augmentation involves injecting materials (e.g., collagen, fat, Radiesse) to medialize a paralyzed or atrophic vocal fold for improved closure.

Presbyphonia refers to age-related voice changes that include which acoustic characteristic?

Answer: Increased fundamental frequency in men, bowing of vocal folds, and reduced loudness

Presbyphonia involves vocal fold bowing, atrophy, and stiffness leading to a higher, weaker voice in men and lower in women, with increased breathiness.

The Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT LOUD) is an evidence-based voice treatment specifically designed for patients with:

Answer: Parkinson's disease

LSVT LOUD targets the hypokinetic dysarthria of Parkinson's disease by training patients to use increased vocal effort and loudness.

Which acoustic parameter most directly reflects vocal fold vibratory frequency and is perceived as pitch?

Answer: Fundamental frequency (F0)

Fundamental frequency (F0) is the rate of vocal fold vibration and is the primary acoustic correlate of perceived pitch.

Contact granulomas on the posterior vocal folds are most often associated with which etiological factor?

Answer: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and hard glottal attacks

Contact granulomas typically develop at the vocal process area of the arytenoids due to laryngopharyngeal reflux and trauma from hard glottal attacks.