Applied Culinary Nutrition Flashcards

The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting sodium intake to no more than how much per day for adults?

Answer: 2,300 mg

The guidelines set an adult sodium limit of 2,300 mg per day, roughly one teaspoon of salt.

A hospital foodservice chef must design a renal (kidney) diet menu. Which mineral pair is typically restricted?

Answer: Potassium and phosphorus

Impaired kidneys cannot efficiently excrete potassium and phosphorus, so renal diets restrict both.

Which menu item would be most appropriate for a guest managing type 2 diabetes?

Answer: Grilled salmon with quinoa and roasted non-starchy vegetables

Lean protein, whole grains, and non-starchy vegetables produce a slower, smaller blood glucose rise.

What does the glycemic index of a food measure?

Answer: How quickly the food raises blood glucose compared to a reference food

Glycemic index ranks carbohydrate foods by their speed of raising blood glucose relative to glucose or white bread.

A chef preparing meals for older adults should prioritize which nutrient to help counteract age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia)?

Answer: High-quality protein distributed across meals

Adequate protein at each meal helps older adults maintain muscle mass and function.

Which fish choice provides the most omega-3 fatty acids per serving for a heart-healthy menu feature?

Answer: Wild salmon

Fatty cold-water fish like salmon contain far more EPA and DHA omega-3s than lean white fish.

In the DASH eating plan often referenced for hypertensive guests, which food group is emphasized most heavily?

Answer: Fruits and vegetables

DASH emphasizes fruits and vegetables for their potassium, magnesium, and fiber, which help lower blood pressure.