CCAT Therapeutic Modalities and Application 2

Question 1

Which tissue type responds best to ultrasound frequencies in the 3 MHz range compared to 1 MHz?

Accepted Answer

Superficial tissues within 2 cm

Answer

3 MHz ultrasound is absorbed more rapidly and is most effective for superficial tissues within 1–2 cm depth.

Question 2

When using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain control in dogs, which fiber type is targeted by high-frequency, low-intensity settings?

Accepted Answer

A-beta fibers (touch/pressure)

Answer

High-frequency TENS activates large-diameter A-beta fibers, which activate spinal gate control mechanisms to inhibit pain transmission.

Question 3

A dog recovering from tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) shows limb disuse 8 weeks post-op. Which underwater treadmill parameter adjustment most directly offloads the surgical limb?

Accepted Answer

Raising water level to shoulder height

Answer

Higher water levels provide greater buoyancy, reducing weight-bearing load on the affected limb.

Question 4

Phonophoresis uses therapeutic ultrasound to enhance delivery of topical agents. Which mechanism primarily facilitates transdermal drug penetration?

Accepted Answer

Acoustic streaming and cavitation disrupting lipid bilayers

Answer

Acoustic streaming and cavitation alter skin barrier permeability, enhancing topical drug absorption during phonophoresis.

Question 5

In class IV laser therapy, the Arndt-Schulz law describes the dose-response relationship. What happens when photobiomodulation dose exceeds the therapeutic window?

Accepted Answer

No effect or inhibitory effects occur

Answer

Exceeding the therapeutic window can inhibit or reverse biostimulatory effects according to the Arndt-Schulz law.

CCAT Practice Test

CCAT Practice Test

CCAT Therapeutic Modalities and Application 2