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Syllogisms and Deductions Flashcards

6 cards from real CCAT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Syllogisms and Deductions flashcards as text

  1. Premises: All athletes are disciplined. All disciplined people are successful. Conclusion: All athletes are successful. Is the conclusion valid?

    Answer: Valid

    Valid syllogism: All A are B; All B are C; therefore All A are C. Athletes (A) are disciplined (B) are successful (C).

  2. Premises: No fish are mammals. All whales are mammals. Conclusion: No whales are fish. Is this valid?

    Answer: Valid

    Fish and mammals are disjoint. Whales are all mammals. Since no mammal is a fish, no whale is a fish. Valid.

  3. Premises: Some teachers are authors. All authors are creative. Conclusion: Some teachers are creative. Is this valid?

    Answer: Valid

    Some teachers are authors, and all authors are creative. Those teachers who are authors must be creative.

  4. Premises: All birds have feathers. This animal has feathers. Conclusion: This animal is a bird. Is this valid?

    Answer: Invalid — affirming the consequent

    This commits the fallacy of affirming the consequent. Having feathers does not mean it's a bird — the premise says all birds have feathers, not that all feathered things are birds.

  5. Premises: No vegetarians eat meat. Sarah eats meat. Conclusion: Sarah is not a vegetarian. Is this valid?

    Answer: Valid

    Contrapositive: if someone eats meat, they are not a vegetarian. Sarah eats meat, so Sarah is not a vegetarian. Valid.

  6. Premises: All politicians make promises. Some promise-makers are liars. Conclusion: Some politicians are liars. Is this valid?

    Answer: Invalid

    Invalid. The 'some promise-makers' who are liars may not include any politicians.