Canine Anatomy and Biomechanics Flashcards
7 cards from real CCAT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Canine Anatomy and Biomechanics flashcards as text
The supraspinatus muscle in dogs inserts on which structure and may develop tendinopathy affecting shoulder function?
Answer: Greater tubercle of the humerus
The supraspinatus inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus and is a common site of calcifying tendinopathy causing chronic shoulder lameness in dogs.
Which joint capsule structure contributes most to passive hip joint stability in dogs without significant muscular support?
Answer: Acetabular labrum
The acetabular labrum deepens the acetabulum and creates a suction-cup effect that significantly contributes to passive hip joint congruity and stability.
During canine locomotion, which phase describes the period when a foot is not in contact with the ground?
Answer: Swing phase
The swing phase is the period of the gait cycle when the limb is lifted and moving forward through the air without ground contact.
The lumbosacral junction (L7-S1) is a common site of pathology in dogs because:
Answer: It represents a transition from mobile lumbar to fixed sacral vertebrae, creating high stress concentration
The L7-S1 junction is biomechanically vulnerable because it transitions from the flexible lumbar spine to the rigid sacrum, concentrating shear and compressive forces at this level.
Which muscle provides the primary active stabilization of the canine shoulder joint during dynamic loading?
Answer: Infraspinatus and subscapularis (rotator cuff equivalent)
The infraspinatus and subscapularis, along with the supraspinatus and teres minor, form the canine rotator cuff equivalent that dynamically stabilizes the shoulder during movement.
In dogs, the angle of inclination of the femoral neck relative to the femoral shaft is called the:
Answer: Neck-shaft angle (coxa vara/valga angle)
The neck-shaft angle (also called the angle of inclination) describes the angle between the femoral neck and the long axis of the femoral shaft; abnormalities lead to coxa vara (decreased) or coxa valga (increased).
Which structure in the canine digit prevents hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joint during weight-bearing?
Answer: Palmar (volar) fibrocartilage plate and metacarpal pad
The palmar fibrocartilage plate (sesamoid cartilage) and the metacarpal pad work together to limit hyperextension and distribute compressive forces at the metacarpophalangeal joint.