Canine Anatomy and Biomechanics Flashcards
7 cards from real CCAT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Canine Anatomy and Biomechanics flashcards as text
Which carpal bone in dogs articulates directly with the radius to form the antebrachiocarpal joint?
Answer: Radial carpal bone
The radial carpal bone (equivalent to the scapholunar in humans) is the primary bone articulating with the distal radius at the antebrachiocarpal joint.
The biceps brachii muscle in dogs primarily originates from which structure?
Answer: Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
The biceps brachii originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and travels through the bicipital groove of the humerus.
During the stance phase of canine gait, which muscle group is primarily responsible for preventing elbow flexion under load?
Answer: Triceps brachii group
The triceps brachii group (long, lateral, medial, and accessory heads) resists elbow flexion during weight-bearing stance phase.
Which ligament connects the femoral head to the acetabular fossa and is important in hip joint stability?
Answer: Round ligament (ligament of the femoral head)
The round ligament (ligamentum capitis femoris) runs from the fovea capitis of the femoral head to the acetabular fossa, providing intracapsular hip stability.
What is the primary role of the serratus ventralis muscle in canine forelimb biomechanics?
Answer: Suspend the thorax between the forelimbs
The serratus ventralis forms the muscular sling that suspends the thorax between the forelimbs, acting as the primary weight-bearing connection since dogs lack a clavicle.
The gastrocnemius muscle in dogs inserts via the common calcaneal tendon onto which structure?
Answer: Tuber calcanei
The common calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon complex) inserts onto the tuber calcanei (calcaneal tuberosity), providing the lever arm for hock extension.
In a dog with a shortened stride length in the hindlimb, which gait parameter is most directly affected?
Answer: Step length
Stride length is the distance from one footfall to the next footfall of the same limb, while step length measures from one footfall to the contralateral footfall; a shortened excursion reduces step length directly.