Electronic & Electrical Fundamentals Flashcards

What does Ohm’s Law state?

Answer: Voltage equals current times resistance

Ohm's Law is a fundamental principle in electrical engineering that describes the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in an electrical circuit. It states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, with the constant of proportionality being the resistance. This is commonly expressed by the formula V = I × R.

Which unit is used to measure electrical resistance?

Answer: Ohm

The Ohm (Ω) is the SI derived unit of electrical resistance, named after German physicist Georg Ohm. Resistance is a measure of the opposition to the flow of electric current in an electrical circuit. A higher resistance means less current will flow for a given voltage.

What is the primary function of a capacitor in an AC circuit?

Answer: Store and release electrical energy

A capacitor is a passive electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field between two conductive plates separated by a dielectric. In an AC circuit, capacitors repeatedly charge and discharge, allowing them to store and release this energy. They are commonly used for filtering, timing, and energy storage applications, blocking DC while passing AC.

Which component resists the flow of current in a circuit?

Answer: Resistor

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component specifically designed to resist the flow of electric current in a circuit. It introduces a controlled amount of electrical resistance, converting electrical energy into heat. Resistors are used to limit current, divide voltage, and terminate transmission lines, among other functions.

What is the result of connecting resistors in series?

Answer: Total resistance increases

When resistors are connected in series, their individual resistances add up to form a larger total resistance. This means that the equivalent resistance of the series combination is the sum of all the individual resistances. This configuration effectively increases the overall opposition to current flow in the circuit.

In a DC circuit, what does the power formula P = V × I represent?

Answer: Power equals voltage times current

In a DC circuit, the power (P) dissipated by a component or circuit is calculated by multiplying the voltage (V) across it by the current (I) flowing through it. This fundamental formula, P = V × I, is crucial for determining the rate at which electrical energy is consumed or converted in a circuit. It is a cornerstone of electrical engineering calculations.