CAT Anatomy & Kinesiology 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which muscle acts as the primary stabilizer of the scapula during overhead pressing movements?
- Serratus anterior (Correct answer)
- Rhomboid major
- Trapezius upper fibers
- Pectoralis minor
Correct answer: Serratus anterior
The serratus anterior protracts and upwardly rotates the scapula, keeping it against the thorax during overhead movements.
Question 2: The brachioradialis muscle crosses which joint(s)?
- Wrist only
- Elbow only (Correct answer)
- Elbow and wrist
- Shoulder and elbow
Correct answer: Elbow only
The brachioradialis crosses only the elbow joint and is primarily a forearm flexor.
Question 3: Which plane of motion does a lateral raise exercise primarily occur in?
- Sagittal
- Frontal (Correct answer)
- Transverse
- Diagonal
Correct answer: Frontal
Lateral raises move the arms away from the midline of the body in the frontal (coronal) plane.
Question 4: The Achilles tendon connects the gastrocnemius and soleus to which bone?
- Navicular
- Talus
- Calcaneus (Correct answer)
- Fibula
Correct answer: Calcaneus
The Achilles tendon inserts on the posterior surface of the calcaneus (heel bone).
Question 5: During a squat, which phase represents an eccentric contraction of the quadriceps?
- Standing upright
- Descending into the squat (Correct answer)
- Pausing at the bottom
- Rising back to standing
Correct answer: Descending into the squat
The quadriceps lengthen under load while controlling the descent, making it an eccentric contraction.
Question 6: Which nerve is most at risk of compression when the hip flexors are chronically tight in anterior pelvic tilt?
- Sciatic nerve
- Femoral nerve (Correct answer)
- Obturator nerve
- Pudendal nerve
Correct answer: Femoral nerve
The femoral nerve passes through the femoral triangle and can be compressed by a shortened iliopsoas in anterior pelvic tilt.
Question 7: What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?
- Hinge
- Pivot
- Ball-and-socket (Correct answer)
- Condyloid
Correct answer: Ball-and-socket
The glenohumeral joint is a ball-and-socket joint that allows the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body.
CAT Anatomy & Kinesiology 2
Which muscle acts as the primary stabilizer of the scapula during overhead pressing movements?