Hydraulics and Plumbing Systems Flashcards

What is the standard unit of measurement for water pressure in pool hydraulic systems?

Answer: Pounds per square inch (PSI)

PSI (pounds per square inch) is the standard unit used to measure water pressure in pool hydraulic systems.

What does 'turnover rate' refer to in aquatic facility hydraulics?

Answer: The time required to circulate the entire pool volume through the filtration system once

Turnover rate is the time required to circulate the entire volume of pool water through the filtration system at least once.

In pool hydraulics, 'total dynamic head' (TDH) refers to which of the following?

Answer: The total resistance to water flow that the pump must overcome

Total dynamic head (TDH) is the total resistance to flow—including friction losses, elevation changes, and equipment resistance—that the pump must overcome.

What does GPM stand for in the context of aquatic facility hydraulics?

Answer: Gallons per minute

GPM stands for gallons per minute, the standard unit for measuring water flow rate in pool and spa circulation systems.

Which physical principle explains why water velocity increases as pipe diameter decreases while flow rate remains constant?

Answer: The Continuity Equation

The Continuity Equation states that cross-sectional area multiplied by velocity must remain constant, so as pipe diameter decreases, velocity must increase to maintain the same volumetric flow rate.

What is the primary purpose of a check valve in a pool plumbing system?

Answer: To prevent backflow or reverse flow of water

A check valve allows water to flow in only one direction, preventing backflow that could contaminate the water supply or damage equipment.

What maximum flow velocity is typically recommended in pool suction piping to prevent cavitation and excessive friction losses?

Answer: 6 feet per second

Suction piping in pool systems should not exceed approximately 6 feet per second to prevent cavitation and ensure adequate water supply to the pump.