Special Populations & Adaptations Flashcards
7 cards from real CAT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Special Populations & Adaptations flashcards as text
Which exercise modification is most appropriate for a pregnant client in her third trimester performing aerobics?
Answer: Avoid supine positions and reduce intensity to RPE 12-14
In the third trimester, supine positions risk supine hypotensive syndrome, and intensity should stay moderate (RPE 12-14) per ACOG guidelines.
A client with osteoporosis wants to join an aerobics class. Which activity poses the HIGHEST fracture risk?
Answer: High-impact jumping and twisting movements
High-impact jumping combined with twisting places compressive and rotational forces on already fragile bones, significantly elevating fracture risk.
When working with a client who has type 2 diabetes, the instructor should advise checking blood glucose before exercise if levels are:
Answer: Below 100 mg/dL or above 300 mg/dL
Exercise is generally contraindicated when blood glucose is below 100 mg/dL (hypoglycemia risk) or above 300 mg/dL (hyperglycemia/ketoacidosis risk).
Which RPE range is generally recommended for older adults (65+) during moderate aerobic exercise?
Answer: 11-14 on the Borg 6-20 scale
An RPE of 11-14 corresponds to light-to-moderate intensity, which is appropriate and safe for most older adult participants.
A participant with multiple sclerosis (MS) reports heat sensitivity. The BEST aerobic adaptation is:
Answer: Exercising in a cool environment and using cooling towels
Uhthoff's phenomenon in MS causes temporary neurological symptom worsening with heat, so a cool environment minimizes this risk.
For a client with hypertension, which aerobic exercise component should be lengthened to prevent blood pressure spikes?
Answer: Warm-up and cool-down phases
Extended warm-up and cool-down allow gradual cardiovascular transitions, preventing abrupt blood pressure changes in hypertensive clients.
A postpartum client (6 weeks after uncomplicated vaginal delivery) wants to return to aerobics. The instructor should first:
Answer: Confirm medical clearance and start with low-impact modifications
Medical clearance at the 6-week postpartum visit is required, and low-impact progressions protect healing tissues while rebuilding fitness.