Anatomy & Kinesiology Flashcards

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for hip external rotation?

Answer: Deep six lateral rotators

The deep six lateral rotators (piriformis, obturator internus/externus, gemelli, quadratus femoris) are the primary hip external rotators.

The tibialis anterior muscle performs which two primary actions at the ankle?

Answer: Dorsiflexion and inversion

The tibialis anterior dorsiflexes the foot and inverts it because of its attachment on the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal.

Which of the following describes the origin of the biceps femoris long head?

Answer: Ischial tuberosity

The long head of the biceps femoris originates from the ischial tuberosity, making it a true two-joint muscle.

During a push-up, the thoracic spine should ideally remain in which position?

Answer: Neutral with slight natural kyphosis

Maintaining neutral thoracic alignment with natural kyphosis protects spinal structures and optimizes force transfer.

The subscapularis muscle performs which primary action at the shoulder?

Answer: Internal rotation

The subscapularis is the only rotator cuff muscle that internally rotates the humerus.

Which axis of rotation does internal/external rotation of the hip occur around?

Answer: Vertical (longitudinal) axis

Hip internal and external rotation occurs around the vertical (longitudinal) axis of the femur.

The pes anserine is the combined insertion of which three muscles?

Answer: Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus

The pes anserine ('goose's foot') is the conjoined tendon insertion of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus on the medial tibia.