Congenital Heart Disease Surgery Flashcards
7 cards from real CSC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Congenital Heart Disease Surgery flashcards as text
The Rastelli procedure is specifically designed to repair which combination of congenital defects?
Answer: D-TGA with VSD and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction
The Rastelli procedure repairs D-TGA with VSD and LVOT obstruction by creating an intracardiac LV-to-aorta tunnel through the VSD and placing an extracardiac RV-to-PA conduit.
What is the primary long-term consequence of leaving a large, unrestrictive VSD untreated beyond early childhood?
Answer: Eisenmenger syndrome with irreversible pulmonary vascular obstructive disease
A large unrestrictive VSD causes sustained high-pressure, high-flow pulmonary hypertension, eventually leading to irreversible pulmonary vascular obstructive disease and shunt reversal (Eisenmenger syndrome).
In a complete atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), how many leaflets does the common AV valve typically contain?
Answer: Five leaflets spanning both the tricuspid and mitral annuli
Complete AVSD features a common five-leaflet AV valve (two bridging leaflets and three mural leaflets) that spans both ventricles, associated with a primum ASD and inlet VSD.
Which chromosomal abnormality is most strongly associated with complete atrioventricular septal defect?
Answer: Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is present in approximately 70% of patients with complete AVSD, making it by far the most common chromosomal association with endocardial cushion defects.
The Konno-Rastan procedure (aortoventriculoplasty) is indicated for which condition?
Answer: Severe tunnel-type subaortic stenosis with an annulus too small for adequate prosthesis
The Konno-Rastan procedure enlarges the aortic annulus and LVOT by incising the interventricular septum, indicated when severe subaortic obstruction is accompanied by a small annulus inadequate for a standard prosthesis.
What is the primary purpose of pulmonary artery banding as a palliative procedure in congenital heart surgery?
Answer: To restrict excessive pulmonary blood flow and protect pulmonary vasculature from hypertensive injury
Pulmonary artery banding reduces pulmonary blood flow and pressure in defects with excessive left-to-right shunting, protecting the pulmonary vasculature from progressive hypertensive obstructive disease.
During surgical repair of supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, what is the critical anastomosis performed?
Answer: Wide anastomosis between the posterior common pulmonary venous confluence and the posterior left atrium
TAPVC repair requires creating a wide, tension-free posterior anastomosis between the common pulmonary venous confluence and the left atrium to restore normal pulmonary venous drainage without obstruction.